Table 1. Sample characteristics.

	Study 1 (n=770)	Study 2 (n= 313)
	N (%)	N (%)
Male	323 (42.0%)	76 (24.3%)
Age ≥65 years	406 (52.7%)	137 (43.8%)
Ethnicity: white British	704 (91.4%)	296 (94.6%)
Self-reported health: good or very good	228 (29.6%)	229 (73.2%)
fair	311 (40.4%)	72 (23.0%)
bad or very bad	230 (29.9%)	11 (3.5%)
missing data	1 (0.1%)	1 (0.3%)
Care recipient’s ADLs with difficulty ¹:
none	72 (9.4%)	0 (0%)
1–4	293 (38.1%)	123 (39.3%)
5–7	243 (31.6%)	86 (27.5%)
All 8	159 (20.6%)	101 (32.2%)
missing data	3 (0.4%)	3 (1.0%)
Hours of inf care / week: 0–19 hours	n/a	95 (30.4%)
20–34 hours	n/a	36 (11.5%)
35–50 hours	n/a	32 (10.1%)
≥50 hours	n/a	147 (47.0%)
missing data	n/a	3 (1.0%)
	Mean (Std. Dev., Range)	Mean (Std. Dev., Range)
Overall QoL	4.43 (1.26, 1 to 7)	3.46 (1.04, 1 to 5)
EQ-5D-3L Index	0.27 (0.39, −0.594 to 1)	0.79 (1.04, −0.594 to 1)

¹ This is a count of activities of daily living (ADLs) where the respondent (or care recipient by proxy report) had difficulty or was unable to complete the task alone, without help.