Fig. 2.

Predictors of deep brain stimulation (DBS) utilization. Reference odds ratios (ORs) are universally accepted as 1. OR values below 1 serve as negative predictors, whereas values above 1 serve as positive predictors of DBS utilization. The 95% confidence intervals were given in parenthesis. ^aHospital type was removed to allow for logistic regression model convergence. ∗∗∗ represents a P-value <0.001, ∗∗ represents a P-value <0.01, and ∗ represents a P-value <0.05. CIMA: counties in metro areas.