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. 2023 Apr 17;45:e2023046. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2023046

Table 2.

Associations between hypertension and the combination of BMI with other anthropometric indices1

Variables Non-adjusted Model I Model II
BMI (kg/m2) & weight (kg)***
BMI<28 & weight<66.0 (male)/58.6 (female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & weight<66.0 (male)/58.6 (female) 1.94 (1.80, 2.09) 1.77 (1.65, 1.90) 1.77 (1.65, 1.91)
BMI<28 & weight≥66.0 (male)/58.6 (female) 1.39 (1.38, 1.40) 1.47 (1.46, 1.49) 1.50 (1.49, 1.52)
BMI≥28 & weight≥66.0 (male)/58.6 (female) 1.70 (1.68, 1.72) 1.77 (1.75, 1.79) 2.07 (2.04, 2.09)
BMI (kg/m2) & WC (cm)***
BMI<28 & WC<85 (male)/83 (female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & WC<85 (male)/83 (female) 1.66 (1.60, 1.72) 1.65 (1.59, 1.71) 1.70 (1.64, 1.77)
BMI<28 & WC≥85 (male)/83 (female) 1.60 (1.58, 1.61) 1.63 (1.61, 1.64) 1.63 (1.61, 1.65)
BMI≥28 & WC≥85 (male)/83 (female) 1.85 (1.83, 1.88) 1.89 (1.86, 1.91) 2.19 (2.16, 2.22)
BMI (kg/m2) & WtHR***
BMI<28 & WtHR<0.52 (male)/0.54 (female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & WtHR<0.52 (male)/0.54 (female) 1.56 (1.51, 1.62) 1.58 (1.53, 1.64) 1.67 (1.61, 1.73)
BMI<28 & WtHR≥0.52 (male)/0.54 (female) 1.64 (1.62, 1.66) 1.62 (1.61, 1.64) 1.62 (1.60, 1.63)
BMI≥28 & WtHR≥0.52 (male)/0.54 (female) 1.84 (1.81, 1.86) 1.84 (1.82, 1.87) 2.12 (2.09, 2.14)
BMI (kg/m2) & BRI***
BMI<28 & BRI<3.65 (male)/4.18 (female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & BRI<3.65 (male)/4.18 (female) 1.58 (1.52, 1.64) 1.59 (1.54, 1.65) 1.68 (1.62, 1.74)
BMI<28 & BRI≥3.65 (male)/4.18 (female) 1.63 (1.61, 1.64) 1.62 (1.61, 1.64) 1.61 (1.60, 1.63)
BMI≥28 & BRI≥3.65 (male)/4.18 (female) 1.84 (1.82, 1.86) 1.85 (1.82, 1.87) 2.12 (2.09, 2.15)
BMI (kg/m2) & COI***
BMI<28 & COI<0.14 (male)/(female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & COI<0.14 (male)/(female) 1.55 (1.52, 1.57) 1.55 (1.52, 1.57) 1.78 (1.75, 1.81)
BMI<28 & COI≥0.14 (male)/(female) 1.31 (1.30, 1.32) 1.29 (1.28, 1.30) 1.27 (1.26, 1.28)
BMI≥28 & COI≥0.14 (male)/(female) 1.85 (1.82, 1.88) 1.85 (1.82, 1.88) 2.07 (2.04, 2.11)
BMI (kg/m2) & ABSI***
BMI<28 & ABSI<0.0793 (male)/0.0795 (female) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
BMI≥28 & ABSI<0.0793 (male)/0.0795 (female) 1.51 (1.49, 1.53) 1.51 (1.48, 1.53) 1.74 (1.72, 1.77)
BMI<28 & ABSI≥0.0793 (male)/0.0795 (female) 1.16 (1.15, 1.17) 1.14 (1.13, 1.15) 1.11 (1.10, 1.12)
BMI≥28 & ABSI≥0.0793 (male)/0.0795 (female) 1.86 (1.83, 1.90) 1.85 (1.82, 1.89) 2.01 (1.98, 2.05)

Values are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval).

BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WtHR, waist to height ratio; BRI, body roundness index; COI, conicity index; ABSI, a body shape index.

1

Model I: adjusted for age and sex; Model II: adjusted for age, sex, physical work demands, education level, geographical region, marriage, drinking behavior, and smoking behavior.

***

p<0.001.