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. 2023 Oct 23;9:391. doi: 10.1038/s41420-023-01694-6

Fig. 5. TGF-β is required for NSG1 induced glycolysis activation in ESCC cells.

Fig. 5

A–E KYSE-109 and ECA-109 cells were transfected with NSG1 and treated with SB-431542 (25 µM). A, B The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) was determined after injecting glucose, oligomycin, and 2-DG. C, D Lactate production and 2-NBDG immunofluorescence were conducted to analyze the LDH activity and glucose uptake. Scale bars, 75 µm. E Western blot was performed to detect the glycolytic-related proteins and respiratory chain complexes-related proteins, such as HIF-1α, HK II, PKM2, LDHA, NDUFA13, SDHA, UQCRC2, COX IV, and ATP5A1. Data from three independent experiments are presented the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.