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. 2023 Oct 23;14:6699. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42360-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a pERK1/2 and YAP were upregulated in both lenvatinib-resistant PLC/PRF/5 and Huh7 cells. Representative images of n = 3 independent experiments. b A MEK inhibitor (U0126) suppressed pERK1/2 levels, which was accompanied by decreased expression of YAP and CDK6 in mock and lenvatinib-resistant PLC/PRF/5 and Huh7 cells. A YAP inhibitor (CA3) suppressed CDK6 expression in these cells. Representative images of n = 3 independent experiments. c Lenvatinib-resistant PLC/PRF/5-derived tumors showed a significant upregulation of pERK1/2, YAP, and CDK6 expression when compared with mock tumors. A positive Pearson’s correlation coefficient (pERK1/2 & YAP: r = 0.212; pERK1/2 & CDK6: r = 0.262; YAP & CDK6: r = 0.394) showed the colocalization among these three proteins in lenvatinib-resistant PLC/PRF/5-derived tumors. pERK1/2 staining (red), YAP staining (white), CDK6 staining (green), and DAPI staining (blue). Quantification of fluorescent intensity (n = 5 random fields, two-tailed t test) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (n = 6 random fields with mean of the coefficient being indicated) was performed using ImageJ software. Scale bar = 25 μm. d LATS-Biosensor luciferase assay showed an increase in LATS activity in lenvatinib-resistant cells upon U0126 treatment (n = 3 independent experiments, two-tailed t test). e Western blot analysis showed an upregulation of phosphorylated YAP at Ser127 while total YAP level was suppressed, when pERK1/2 was abated by U0126 in lenvatinib-resistant cells. f U0126 at 10 µM and 20 µM and CA3 at 2.5 µM and 5 µM suppressed the mRNA expression of CDK6 (n = 3 independent experiments, two-tailed t test). Data was presented as mean ± standard deviation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.