TABLE 3.

Mean Ratio of Length of Stay and Interaction Significance of Demographic and Clinical Covariates With Significant Main Effects for Patients Receiving HFNC Versus Patients Not Receiving HFNC

Characteristic	Mean Ratioa (95% CI)	P	Interaction P
Hospital
A	1.82 (0.98–3.40)	.059	<.001
B	1.85 (1.00–3.42)	.051
C	2.13 (1.14–4.00)	.018
D	1.57 (0.84–2.92)	.156
E	1.80 (0.93–3.47)	.080
F	1.32 (0.69–2.50)	.398
G	2.39 (1.23–4.64)	.010
Age Groups
1–6 mo	2.13 (1.15–3.96)	.017	<.001
7–12 mo	1.69 (0.91–3.14)	.096
13–23 mo	1.65 (0.89–3.05)	.115
Admission wt
No HFNC	0.98 (0.97–0.98)	<.001	.223
HFNC	0.99 (0.97–1.00)	.042
Cardiovascular CCC
No	1.60 (0.90–2.83)	.110	.011
Yes	2.05 (1.05–4.02)	.036
Metabolic CCC
No	1.84 (1.03–3.28)	.040	.115
Yes	1.78 (0.91–3.49)	.091
Neonatal CCC
No	1.77 (1.01–3.12)	.046	.723
Yes	1.85 (0.93–3.66)	.079
Technology-dependent CCC
No	1.78 (0.96–3.28)	.066	.868
Yes	1.84 (0.92–3.69)	.084
No of CCCs
0	2.02 (0.96–4.25)	.063	.415
1	1.86 (0.98–3.52)	.058
2+	1.58 (0.95–2.64)	.081
Tachypnea for age on presentation
No	1.86 (1.01–3.46)	.048	.061
Yes	1.76 (0.95–3.26)	.074
Room air saturation <90% on presentation
No	1.99 (1.08–3.69)	.028	.003
Yes	1.64 (0.88–3.07)	.119
Square root H-RISK
No HFNC	2.75 (2.50–3.02)	<.001	<.001
HFNC	2.12 (1.96–2.31)	<.001
ICU services
No ICU services	2.25 (1.22–4.15)	.009	.002
Day 0 ICU	1.68 (0.90–3.15)	.103
Transfer to ICU after day 0	1.56 (0.83–2.96)	.168

^aIncludes a hospital-by-ICU category interaction to account for hospital specific ICU referral patterns.