. 2022 Oct 25;3(4):1021–1029. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.10.001

Table 3.

Aperiodic Slopes

Stage	Unmedicated MDD Group, Mean					7-Day-Medicated MDD Group, Mean					HC Group, Mean
Stage	F	C	P	O	T	F	C	P	O	T	F	C	P	O	T
Wake	−2.43	−2.20	−2.46	−2.50	−1.89	−2.44	−2.14	−2.45	−2.45	−1.77	−2.49	−2.20	−2.44	−2.50	−1.89
N1	−2.84	−2.83	−2.84	−2.95	−2.65	−2.79	−2.75	−2.81	−2.91	−2.50	−2.98	−2.88	−2.92	−3.06	−2.78
N2	−3.22	−3.23	−3.19	−3.28	−3.12	−3.17	−3.17	−3.16	−3.25	−2.95	−3.35	−3.31	−3.28	−3.38	−3.25
N3	−3.63	−3.63	−3.62	−3.67	−3.55	−3.57	−3.55	−3.57	−3.63	−3.35	−3.70	−3.67	−3.66	−3.71	−3.64
REM	−2.84	−2.86	−2.88	−2.95	−2.88	−2.76	−2.77	−2.79	−2.87	−2.79	−2.96	−2.88	−2.93	−3.05	−2.97

	Unmedicated MDD-HC Comparison, Effect Size					Medicated MDD-HC Comparison, Effect Size					Unmedicated-Medicated MDD Comparison, Effect Size
Stage	F	C	P	O	T	F	C	P	O	T	F	C	P	O	T
Wake	0.14	−0.01	−0.04	0.02	0.00	0.11	0.14	−0.03	0.12	0.20	−0.03	0.14	0.01	0.13	0.24
N1	0.46^a	0.29	0.44^a	0.40	0.37	0.62^a	0.71^a	0.64^a	0.50^a	0.74^a	0.39^a	0.48^a	0.31	0.29	0.47^a
N2	0.64^a	0.62^a	0.66^a	0.46^a	0.50^a	0.79^a	0.86^a	0.81^a	0.58^a	0.89^a	0.35^a	0.42^a	0.27	0.29	0.51^a
N3	0.58^a	0.31	0.31	0.34	0.50^a	0.86^a	0.73^a	0.61^a	0.59^a	0.84^a	0.37^a	0.49^a	0.40^a	0.29^a	0.45^a
REM	0.37	0.10	0.31	0.31	0.26	0.57^a	0.78^a	0.78^a	0.54^a	0.50^a	0.84^a	1.18^a	1.04^a	1.15^a	0.57^a

	Unmedicated MDD-HC Comparison, ANCOVA						Medicated MDD-HC Comparison, ANCOVA						Unmedicated-Medicated MDD Comparison, ANOVA
	Group		Area		Interaction		Group		Area		Interaction		Group		Area		Interaction
Stage	F(1,74)	p	F(4,71)	p	F(1,4)	p	F(1,74)	p	F(4,71)	p	F(1,4)	p	F(1,74)	p	F(4,71)	p	F(1,4)	p
Wake^b	0.2	.67	28.6	.00	0.3	.78	0.9	.34	25.7	.00	1.8	.14	1.0	.32	131.2	.00	2.5	.07
N1	3.4	.07	5.7	.01	1.3	.30	9.2	.00^a	4.7	.01	3.8	.03	7.9	.01^a	18.1	.00	6.1	.01
N2	7.2	.01^a	3.8	.03	1.2	.30	14.4	.00^a	3.5	.03	6.5	.00	6.6	.02^a	54.9	.00	8.0	.00
N3	4.3	.04	1.4	.25	2.3	.10	14.9	.00^a	0.5	.60	8.8	.00	7.9	.00^a	18.1	.00	6.1	.01
REM^b	1.8	.18	0.9	.50	1.5	.23	5.1	.03^a	1.0	.40	1.8	.18	38.9	.00^a	31.6	.00	20.6	.00

ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ANOVA, analysis of variance; C, central electrodes; F, frontal electrodes; HC, healthy control; MDD, major depressive disorder; N, non–rapid eye movement stage; O, occipital electrodes; P, parietal electrodes; REM, rapid eye movement; T, temporal electrodes.

Statistically significant p values after the correction for multiple comparisons; effect sizes were interpreted as small (0.2–0.5), medium (0.5–0.8), and large (0.8–1.2).

ANCOVAs adjusted for the proportion of the corresponding sleep stage.