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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Rural Health. 2023 Apr 24;40(1):87–95. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12763

TABLE 5.

Cancer risk factors and screening in the United States (excluding Kentucky), Kentucky, Appalachian Kentucky, and non-Appalachian Kentucky, 2016 and 2018 (aggregated).

United States Kentucky Appalachian Kentucky Non-Appalachian Kentucky
% 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI
Risk and protective behaviors
 Adults who are obese (BMI ≥30) 30.1 (29.9, 30.4) 35.3 (34.2, 36.4) 40.5 (38.5, 42.6) 33.3 (32.0, 34.5)
 Adults who currently smoke 15.9 (15.7, 16.0) 24.0 (22.9, 25.0) 25.7 (24.0, 27.5) 23.3 (22.0, 24.6)
 Adults who reported unhealthy drinking habits 18.2 (18.1, 18.4) 15.8 (14.9, 16.8) 10.8 (9.3, 12.4) 17.8 (16.7, 18.9)
 Females aged 13–17 who are UTD on HPV vaccinationa 53.7 (51.8, 55.6) 45.4 (35.7, 55.4) n/a n/a n/a n/a
 Males aged 13–17 who are UTD on HPVvaccinationa 48.7 (46.8, 50.6) 39.9 (31.1, 49.4) n/a n/a n/a n/a
Cancer screening
 Women aged 21–64 with Pap smear test in last 3 years 80.0 (79.6, 80.4) 80.2 (78.4, 82.0) 74.1 (70.5, 77.5) 82.5 (80.3, 84.5)
 Adults aged 50–75 who met the USPSTF colorectal cancer screening guidelines 68.5 (68.2, 68.9) 69.9 (68.3, 71.4) 66.2 (63.5, 68.8) 71.4 (69.5, 73.3)

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HPV, human papillomavirus; n/a, not available; USPSTF, United States Preventive Services Task Force; UTD, up-to-date.

a

Kentucky not excluded from US measure.