Table 3.
The Means, SD, T, Cohen d, and P-Values for Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Impact of Events Scale-Revised, Health Beliefs, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Changes of the Families with an Infected Member and Families without an Infected Member Immediately after Contracting COVID-19 in Families with an Infected Member and 40-Days Later
| Variables | FIM+ (n = 98) | FIM– (n = 129) | T | Cohen’s d | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||
| T1 | PHQ-9 | 10.94 | 4.45 | 7.33 | 3.02 | 7.27 | 0.97 | < 0.001 |
| IES-R | 39.56 | 13.27 | 19.82 | 1.65 | 16.73 | 2.24 | < 0.001 | |
| Perceived Susceptibility |
11.92 | 2.17 | 9.74 | 0.83 | 10.44 | 1.40 | < 0.001 | |
| Perceived Severity | 11.63 | 1.48 | 9.64 | 0.76 | 13.15 | 1.76 | < 0.001 | |
| Perceived Barriers | 25.56 | 4.21 | 24.62 | 1.87 | 2.26 | 0.30 | 0.025 | |
| Perceived Benefits | 5.43 | 1.38 | 4.73 | 0.70 | 4.96 | 0.67 | < 0.001 | |
| Self-Efficacy | 3.92 | 0.80 | 3.94 | 0.60 | 0.212 | - 0.03 | 0.832 | |
| Cues | 5.84 | 1.92 | 4.52 | 0.93 | 6.82 | 0.91 | < 0.001 | |
| Hoarding | 4.83 | 2.84 | 2.77 | 0.62 | 7.98 | 1.07 | < 0.001 | |
| Checking | 3.12 | 1.82 | 2.82 | 0.54 | 1.77 | 0.24 | 0.117 | |
| Ordering | 5.28 | 2.16 | 4.67 | 0.86 | 2.93 | 0.39 | 0.004 | |
| Neutralizing | 1.06 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.82 | 1.45 | 0.19 | 0.149 | |
| Washing | 6.87 | 2.16 | 2.05 | 0.30 | 25.08 | 3.36 | < 0.001 | |
| Obsessing | 5.56 | 2.88 | 2.61 | 0.50 | 11.42 | 1.53 | < 0.001 | |
| OCS Total | 25.50 | 9.41 | 15.81 | 1.33 | 11.54 | 1.55 | < 0.001 | |
| T2 | Variables | FIM+ (n = 98) | FIM– (n = 129) | T | Cohen d | P | ||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||
| PHQ-9 | 6.67 | 4.24 | 7.22 | 2.95 | 1.14 | - 0.15 | 0.250 | |
| IES-R | 21.37 | 10.66 | 20.07 | 1.23 | 1.37 | 0.18 | 0.171 | |
| Perceived Susceptibility |
10.10 | 2.13 | 10.03 | 0.66 | 1.46 | 0.30 | 0.162 | |
| Perceived Severity | 9.97 | 2.39 | 9.59 | 0.59 | 1.82 | 0.31 | 0.069 | |
| Perceived Barriers | 24.98 | 3.13 | 24.60 | 1.64 | 1.48 | 0.59 | 0.155 | |
| Perceived Benefits | 5.32 | 1.53 | 5.21 | 0.68 | 1.09 | 0.59 | 0.208 | |
| Self-Efficacy | 3.71 | 0.98 | 3.78 | 0.47 | 0.616 | -0.10 | 0.538 | |
| Cues | 5.57 | 1.82 | 5.01 | 0.86 | 1.87 | 0.36 | 0.079 | |
| Hoarding | 2.54 | 1.47 | 2.75 | 0.43 | 1.54 | - 0.21 | 0.124 | |
| Checking | 3.09 | 1.62 | 2.77 | 1.64 | 1.48 | 0.20 | 0.139 | |
| Ordering | 4.25 | 1.42 | 4.16 | 0.84 | 1.11 | 0.45 | 0.254 | |
| Neutralizing | 1.01 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 1.90 | 0.28 | 0.059 | |
| Washing | 3.09 | 1.64 | 2.88 | 0.95 | 1.47 | 0.32 | 0.140 | |
| Obsessing | 2.71 | 1.78 | 2.69 | 0.50 | 0.148 | 0.02 | 0.882 | |
| OCS Total | 16.10 | 4.67 | 15.81 | 2.14 | 0.620 | 0.08 | 0.536 | |
Note: FIM+ = Families with an Infected Member; FIM– = Families without an Infected Member; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; IES-R = Impact of Events Scale-Revised; OCS = Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms.