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. 2023 Sep 28;10(4):287–302. doi: 10.3390/dermatopathology10040037

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of Bacillus coagulans administration on natural skin aging on the mouse dorsal skin. At the end of the study, we measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) (A,B), corneometer values (C,D), skin thickness (E–G), wrinkle scores (H–K), and the expression of collagen (L–N) in the dorsal skin of male and female hairless mice. Hematoxylin–eosin staining (E) and Masson trichrome staining (L). Intensity was calculated from five random visual fields with a constant area using the ImageJ software. Black and red columns correspond to male and female mice, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. The values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of five animals. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Effect of Bacillus coagulans administration on natural skin aging on the mouse dorsal skin. At the end of the study, we measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) (A,B), corneometer values (C,D), skin thickness (E–G), wrinkle scores (H–K), and the expression of collagen (L–N) in the dorsal skin of male and female hairless mice. Hematoxylin–eosin staining (E) and Masson trichrome staining (L). Intensity was calculated from five random visual fields with a constant area using the ImageJ software. Black and red columns correspond to male and female mice, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. The values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of five animals. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.