Rastan 2005.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised prospective study Run‐in period: not specified Received: 29 November 2004 Received in revised form: 27 February 2005 Accepted: 9 March 2005 Available online: 8 April 2005 Number of study centres and locations: single centre. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Struempellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
Participants	Forty participants were assigned to OPCAB or OnP‐BH surgery. One OPCAB participant crossed over to OnP‐BH. Mean age: 64.15 years Sex (female/male ratio): 20% No high‐risk population Inclusion criteria: elective, patients with normal EF and three‐vessel CAD (stenosis > 70%) Exclusion criteria: patients > 75 years of age, combined cardiac procedures, cardiac reoperation, emergency surgery, left main stenosis > 70%, and EF < 50%
Interventions	Intervention group: OPCAB surgery Control group: on‐pump beating heart surgery
Outcomes	Intraoperative myocardial ischaemia (pH, lactate, pO2) and oxidative stress (MDA) (CS blood) and myocardial necrosis (CK‐MB, cTnI), myocardial dysfunction (NT‐proBNP), and inflammation (CRP) (arterial blood) and clinical data Arterial blood was analysed 4 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours postoperatively.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Unclear method of randomisation used. Authors state "Randomisation was performed by chance the day prior to surgery using randomisation envelops [sic]". Preoperative patient characteristics were similar in both groups.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No clear method of allocation concealment
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No mention of blinding of participants and postoperative care. Because of the nature of the intervention, surgical team could not be blinded.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not specified
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	One OPCAB patient crossed over to OnP‐BH, and no further or unexpected events or conversions occurred. Two patients with evidence of perioperative MI required surgical re‐intervention and were excluded from the laboratory data analyses.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	All expected outcomes were reported properly.
Other bias	Low risk	No funding was disclosed.