Asnani 2021.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: RCT Duration of study: the study was conducted in 2015‐2016. Country: Jamaica Income classification: upper‐middle‐income country in 2015‐2016 Geographical scope: urban (Kingston) Healthcare setting: outpatient, sickle cell unit (SCU)
Participants	1. Age: 28.8 (5.9) years 2. Gender: both 3. Socioeconomic background: 45% in the lowest third of household possession 4. Educational background: 71.4% secondary education Inclusion criteria: a. all mothers of children aged 6‐12 months with severe sickle cell disease (SCD) genotypes; b. attending the clinic at the SCU. Exclusion criteria: none reported Note: at baseline, the intervention and control group scores for the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) were, respectively, 15.9 (13.4) and 17.2 (10). Stated purpose: to assess the feasibility and potential efficacy of a problem‐solving skills training intervention, aimed at improving psychological outcomes in mothers of children with SCD
Interventions	Name: Problem‐Solving Therapy (PST) Title/name of PW and number: SCS clinic nurses 1. Selection: experienced and providing routine clinical care 2. Educational background: no details available. 3. Training: PST training with the study investigators, delivered through 5 sessions conducted over 2 weeks and totalling 9 hours. It included discussions of the intervention, use of the interventionists’ manual, and role‐playing. 4. Supervision: to assess fidelity, a checklist was developed with items that measured the interventionists’ implementation of the various steps of the intervention. 5. Incentives/remuneration: not specified Prevention type: indicated – participants presented some level of distress as indicated by CES‐D scores. Intervention details: problem‐solving skills therapy aimed to empower patients or caregivers in attending to daily social and other challenges that might arise, especially with the presence of a chronic illness. The approach is based on cognitive behavioural therapy and was adapted from the “Bright IDEAS” intervention for mothers of children with cancer. The stages of PST are identification of the problems; generating possible solutions; evaluating and implementing the preferred solutions; and evaluating to see if the solutions were successful. The parent/caregiver will be taught a process of problem‐solving with reference to general everyday problems as well as specific problems which may arise while parenting a child with SCD. All mothers in the treatment arm also received an intervention to build their skills in promoting their child’s development that was delivered at the same session. The parenting skills intervention used videos, discussion, demonstration, and practice of activities, and has been used previously in Jamaica. Control: waiting list – attended individual routine clinic visits on days that the intervention groups were not being held. At the end of the study, control dyads were exposed to all intervention materials.
Outcomes	Participants’outcomes of interest for this review Depressive symptoms – CES‐D Carers’ outcomes of interest for this review Nil Economic outcomes Nil Time points: baseline, post‐intervention (< 1 month)
Notes	Source of funding: Grand Challenges Canada‐ Saving Brains Programme Notes on validation of instruments (screening and outcomes): none Additional information: none Handling the data: not applicable Prospective trial registration number: NCT02394899