Escolar 2014.
| Study characteristics | |
| Methods |
Study design: RCT Duration of study: the study was conducted between November 2011 and March 2012. Country: Philippines Income classification: lower‐middle‐income country in 2011 Geographical scope: suburban community located just outside a large metropolitan city in the Philippines Healthcare setting: community‐based (not reported in detail) |
| Participants | 1. Age: 60‐80 years 2. Gender: both 3. Socioeconomic background: all the participants were retired and were mainly getting their pension from the Social Security System (SSS) (73.7%). Those who did not have any pension were mostly supported by their families (76.2%), and a majority were still living with their families (82.5%). 4. Educational background: 50% elementary; 42.5% high school; 7.5% college graduate Inclusion criteria: a. between 60 to 80 years of age; b. able to read and write in Filipino; c. no mental illness present; d. no history of stroke, cardiac arrest, or chronic pulmonary obstructive disorders that can impair the ability to participate in the study’s activities; e. have good muscle strength and good motor functioning skill; f. not currently involved in any educational programmes being offered in the community. Exclusion criteria: a. dementia or other severe cognitive impairment; b. psychiatric illness, other severe illness; c. inability to walk independently with or without assistive devices, and with fracture. Note: at baseline, the intervention and control group scores for the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS‐S) were, respectively, 5.72 (2.07) and 7.26 (3.19). Stated purpose: to assess the effectiveness of community‐based third age learning programmes on the life satisfaction, self‐esteem, and level of depression of a select group of Filipino elderly in a community setting |
| Interventions |
Name: community‐based educational programmes Title/name of PW and number: volunteer nurses, physical education instructors and food technology instructor 1. Selection: not specified 2. Educational background: not specified 3. Training: not specified 4. Supervision: not specified 5. Incentives/remuneration: not specified Prevention type: indicated – participants presented with some level of distress as indicated by the GDS‐S E scores, but all those with psychiatric illnesses were excluded from the study. Intervention details: the educational programmes were a mix of activities that catered to the needs of the Filipino elderly for physical activity, mental stimulation, social engagement, health promotion, and development of new skills. Three main programmes were implemented: (a) a wellness programme, (b) a physical fitness activity programme, and (c) livelihood training programmes. It was offered over the course of 4 months: the wellness programme, 6 sessions, facilitated by volunteer nurses, provided health instruction to the elderly about proper nutrition, diet, and exercise. The programme also included discussions on conditions common amongst the elderly population. The physical fitness activities were conducted by physical education instructors weekly for 2 months with each session lasting for 30‐40 minutes. The livelihood training programmes provided were facilitated by a food technology instructor. Six sessions were given on food preparation, proper handling and storage of food, and the actual making of food products. Control: no intervention |
| Outcomes |
Participants’outcomes of interest for this review
Carers’ outcomes of interest for this review Nil Economic outcomes Nil Time points: baseline, post‐intervention (< 1 month) |
| Notes |
Source of funding: not reported Notes on validation of instruments (screening and outcomes): data on internal consistency for the selected outcome measures were reported (GDS‐S, Rosemberg Self‐Esteem Scale, LSITA‐SF). Additional information: none Handling the data: not applicable Prospective trial registration number: not reported |