Velásquez 2015.
| Study characteristics | |
| Methods |
Study design: RCT Duration of study: the study was conducted from June 2012 to November 2012. Country: Bogotá, Colombia Income classification: upper‐middle‐income country in 2012 Geographical scope: urban Healthcare setting: a public school operated by private educational institution |
| Participants | 1. Age: students from grades 5, 8, and 9 2. Gender: both 3. Socioeconomic background: students from a public school located in a socioeconomically disadvantaged area in the city of Bogotá 4. Educational background: grades 5, 8, and 9 Inclusion criteria: a. students from a public school (operated by a private educational institution) in Bogotà; b. grades 5, 8, and 9; c. were given consent forms for their parents; d. outcome scores for depressive and anxiety symptoms not above cut‐off at baseline. Exclusion criteria: no exclusion criteria; all students attending the school were eligible. Note: at baseline, the intervention and control group scores for Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ‐3)‐Anxiety were, respectively, 1.76 (0.96) and 1.60 (0.87). At baseline, the intervention and control group scores for SDQ‐3‐Depression were, respectively, 1.43 (1.03) and 0.96 (0.73). At baseline, the intervention and control group scores for prosocial behaviour were, respectively, 0.12 (0.06) and 0.11 (0.05). Stated purpose: to examine the efficacy of a yoga programme implemented in a low‐socioeconomic status school for prevention of depression, anxiety, and aggression |
| Interventions |
Name: yoga Title/name of PW and number: yoga teacher 1. Selection: school outsider and who was experienced in the conduction of yoga training 2. Educational background: not specified 3. Training: experienced yoga teachers trained to manage large classes and children with behavioural problems implemented the intervention. 4. Supervision: not specified 5. Incentives/remuneration: participants (children) were given a small snack after the end of each session. Prevention type: universal – all students attending the school were eligible for inclusion, and their baseline scores for the SDQ‐3 were well below the cut‐off for the measure. Intervention details: 24 2‐hour sessions focusing on all aspects of the individual: physical, energetic, mental, emotional, psychic, and spiritual. Overall, the protocol consisted of a number of postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayamas), relaxation (yoga nidra), and meditation techniques that were chosen for each of the 24 sessions. The activities in each session included postures practiced in a dynamic and active way. The selection of the postures was made based on previous empirical findings that showed that they could be used specifically to stimulate self‐confidence and self‐worth, as well as self‐regulation, relaxation, and consciousness. Control: waiting list |
| Outcomes |
Participants’outcomes of interest for this review
Carers’ outcomes of interest for this review Nil Economic outcomes Nil Time points: baseline, post‐intervention (1‐6 months) |
| Notes |
Source of funding: funding for this study was provided by the support to Corporacion Dunna—alternativas creativas para la paz—from RAMO. Notes on validation of instruments (screening and outcomes): SDQ—items were selected and adapted from this scale to evaluate depression (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.71) and anxiety (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.70). Additional information: none Handling the data: not available Prospective trial registration number: not available |