Differences among different monitoring techniques for cardiac output (CO) in acute brain injury patients

Reference	Patient number	Study design	Group	Technique assessment	Findings	Quality of evidence
Franchi et al. [131]	121	P	TBI	PCA PCWA	CO: correlation 0.94; bias 0.06 L/min: PE 18 %	Moderate
Mutoh et al. [78]	45	P	SAH	PCWA TT	CI: correlation 0.77; bias 0.33 L/min m2; PE 15 %	Moderate
Mutoh et al. [68]	116	RCT	SAH	PAC TT	CI: correlation 0.78; bias 0.05 L/min m2; PE 14 %	High
Mutoh et al. [79]	16	P	SAH	PCWA TT	CI: correlation 0.82; bias was 0.57 L/min m2; PE 25 % and higher during MV	Moderate
Junttila et al. [80]	16	P	BS	PCWA PAC	CO: bias 1.7 L/min; PE 45 %. Larger bias during NE and NIMO therapy Significant correlation SVR/bias	Moderate
Haenggi et al. [82]	8	P	OHCA	PCWA PAC	CO: bias 0.23 L/min, PE 34 % No differences between TH and NT	Moderate
Tagami et al. [83]	88	P	CA	TT	Coefficient of error < 10 % (3 injections)	Moderate
Mayer et al. [81]	48	P	SAH	Echography PAC	CO: correlation 0.67; bias 0.75 L/min; precision 1.34 L/min; echography underestimated PAC-derived CO	Moderate

P prospective, R retrospective, RCT randomized clinical trial, TBI traumatic brain injury, SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage, OHCA out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, TT transpulmonary thermodilution, PCWA pulse contour wave analysis, PAC pulmonary artery catheter, CO cardiac output, CI cardiac index, PE percentage of error, NE norepinephrine, NIMO nimodipine, SVR systemic vascular resistances, TH therapeutic hypothermia, NT normothermia