TABLE 3.
Outcomes in patients according to type of infection
| Characteristic | No. of patients
|
RR [95% CI] | Pa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piperacillin-tazobactam (%) | Imipenem-cilastatin (%) | |||
| Nosocomial pneumonia | ||||
| Total | 75 | 79 | ||
| Success | 62 (83) | 56 (71) | 1.17 [0.98–1.39] | 0.09 |
| Failure | 13 (17) | 23 (29) | 0.60 [0.33–1.09] | 0.09 |
| Resistance to allocated regimen and no clinical improvement | 4 | 7 | ||
| No clinical improvement | 5 | 5 | ||
| Breakthrough bacteremia | 2 | 4 | ||
| Septic shock or MOFb | 1 | 4 | ||
| Relapse | 1 | 3 | ||
| Death due to infection | 7 (9.3) | 6 (7.6) | 1.23 [0.43–3.49] | 0.78 |
| Mean duration of treatment ± SD | 9.4 ± 4.3 | 9.9 ± 4.6 | 0.45 | |
| Peritonitis | ||||
| Total | 76 | 83 | ||
| Success | 72 (95) | 77 (93) | 1.02 [0.94–1.11] | 0.75 |
| Failure | 4 (5) | 6 (7) | 0.73 [0.21–2.48] | 0.75 |
| Further infection | 2 | 1 | ||
| No clinical improvement | 1 | 0 | ||
| Resistance to allocated regimen | 0 | 1 | ||
| Relapse | 1 | 3 | ||
| Septic shock or MOF | 0 | 1 | ||
| Death due to infection | 1 (1.3) | 2 (2.4) | 0.55 [0.05–5.9] | 1.00 |
| Mean duration of treatment ± SD | 8.2 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 3.3 | 0.53 | |
a
Two-tailed Fisher’s exact test for binomial variables (death due to infection, success, failure); two-sample t test with pooled variance for continuous variables (duration of treatment).
b
MOF, multiple organ failure.