Table 2.
Drugs targeting microglia to alter neurogenesis for treating depression.
| Reference | Type | Drug | Model | Modeling method | Dosing | Mechanism: microglia/Neurogenesis/microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (174) | First-line antidepressant drugs in clinical practice | clomipramine and imipramine | BV2 cells/primary microglia | treated with or without LPS (100 ng/ml) for 24 h | pretreated with Clomipramine (15 μM) and imipramine(10 μM) for 24h | activation microglia (indirectly) |
| (175) | imipramine | mice | RSD | oral (15 mg/kg) for 1 week | activation microglia (indirectly) | |
| (176) | clomipramine | mice | injected with LPS (1 mg/kg) | I. p (20 mg/kg) for 1 week | activation.microglia (indirectly) | |
| (177) | imipramine | mice | CUS for 5 weeks | oral (20 mg/kg) | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| sertraline | mice | CUMS for 5 weeks | oral (5 mg/kg) for 5 weeks | activation microglia (indirectly) | ||
| (178) | fluoxetine | mice | UCMS for 6 weeks | oral (15 mg/kg) for 6 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (100) | Potential anti-inflammatory candidate drugs | minocycline | mice | MS | I. p (20 mg/kg) for 2 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) |
| (179) | ketamine | mice | Genetically engineered mouse | I. p (7 mg/kg) | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) | |
| (180) | ketamine | rat | treated with long-term corticosterone administration for 4 weeks | I. p (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg) | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) | |
| (181) | Natural compounds | Xanthoceraside | mice | CUMS | I. p (0.02, 0.32 mg/kg) | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) |
| (182) | Xanthoceraside | microglia | induction with Ab25–35 (10 mM)/IFN-g (10 U/mL) for 24-h | pretreatment (0, 0.001, 0.01, or 0.1 mM) for 16h | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) | |
| (183) | Curcumin | BV2 cells | treated with or without LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h | pretreatment (1,5, 10, 20, and 40 μM) for 2 h | regulating microglia (indirectly) | |
| (184) | Paeoniflorin | mice | I. p of RESP (1 mg/kg) for 3 days | I. g (10, 20, 40mg/kg) for 3 days | regulating microglia (indirectly) | |
| (185) | Paeoniflorin | mice | CUMS for 5 weeks | I. p (20 mg/kg) for 3 weeks | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) | |
| (186) | Paeoniflorin | rat | MCAO procedures | I. p (5, 10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (187) | Paeoniflorin | rat | permanent four-vessel occlusion | oral (40 mg/kg) for 4 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (188) | Resveratrol | mice | I. p of LPS (1 mg/kg) | oral (30 mg/kg) for 7 days | regulating microglia (indirectly) | |
| (189) | Resveratrol | microglia | treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 4 h and ATP (5 mM) for 1 h | pretreatment (10 µM) for 1h | regulating microglia (indirectly) | |
| (190) | Resveratrol | mice | CLP | I. p (10, 30 mg/kg) at 1 hour prior to surgery and again at 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h after surgery | regulating microglia (indirectly) | |
| (191) | Resveratrol | mice | I. p of LPS (5 mg/kg) | I. p (20 mg/kg) for 2 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (192) | Resveratrol | mice | injected with 120 mg kg-1 of D-galactose (0.2 mL per 10/d) for 62 days | oral (functional fermented milk: 0.9% NaCl = 1: 3, functional fermented milk: 0.9% NaCl = 1: 1, functional fermented milk) for 62 days | regulating neurogenesis(indirectly) | |
| (193) | Others | Melatonin | mice | I. p of LPS (5 mg/kg) | I. p (30 mg/kg) for 4 times | regulating microglia (indirectly) |
| (194) | Melatonin | rat | exposed to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin, and 15 min of restraint stress for 4 weeks | oral (5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg)for 8 weeks (5 days/week) | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (195) | Melatonin | mice | CMS for 7 weeks | I. p (2.5mg/kg) for 4 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (196) | Omega-3 fatty acids | hippocampal progenitor cell | bilateral oophorectomy | PUFA treatment (approximately 340 mg/g for EPA, 240 mg/g for DHA) for 10 weeks | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) | |
| (197) | Omega-3 fatty acids | mice | I. p of LPS (1 mg/kg) | feed with n-3 PUFA balanced | microglia -mediated regulation of neurogenesis(directly) |
CLP, Cecal ligation and puncture; CMS, Chronic mild stress; CUMS, Chronic unpredictable mild stress; CUS, Chronic unpredictable stress; I. g, intragastric administration; I. p, intraperitoneal injection; MS, Maternal separation; RSD, Repeated social defeat; UCMS, Unpredictable chronic mild stress.