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. 2023 Oct 10;9(10):e20404. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20404

Table 4.

Emissions reductions using the right building materials.

Material category Industry average Actual Reduction per functional unit
Ready-mix concrete, C60 442.96 kgCO2e/m3 344.7 kgCO2e/m3 22 %
Ready-mix concrete, C50 390.09 kgCO2e/m3 255.0 kgCO2e/m3 35 %
Ready-mix concrete, C40 355.83 kgCO2e/m3 262.4 kgCO2e/m3 26 %
Reinforcement steel 0.62 kgCO2e/kg 0.50 kgCO2e/kg 19 %