Table 1.
Basic characteristics of study participants
| Variable |
Overall (N = 56) |
VDT group (N = 27) |
Textbook group (N = 29) |
p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
| Gender | Female | 25 (44.6) | 13 (48.1) | 12 (41.4) | 0.41 |
| Male | 31 (55.4) | 14 (51.9) | 17 (58.6) | ||
| Age (years) | 19.94 ± 0.94 | 19.85 ± 0.82 | 20.04 ± 1.05 | 0.56 | |
| GPA out of 20 | 16.70 ± 1.48 | 16.84 ± 1.16 | 16.57 ± 1.74 | 0.87 | |
| Background knowledge of gastrointestinal anatomy out of 20 | 6.45 ± 3.6 | 6.22 ± 3.12 | 6.69 ± 3.98 | 0.15 | |
GPA grade point average, SD standard deviation
aChi-square or Mann–Whitney test.