Table 1.
Characteristics of the population
| Characteristics | Avail (%) | Total | Naïve | 1 oral | 2+ oral | Injectable |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 4449 | 425 | 1583 | 1935 | 498 | |
| Female | 99 | 1736 (39.6%) | 179 (42.5%) | 644 (41.4%) | 718 (37.7%) | 192 (38.9%) |
| Age, years | 96 | 63.4 ± 10.1 | 56.9 ± 10.4 | 62.1 ± 10.1 | 65.6 ± 9.2 | 64.8 ± 10.2 |
| Age < 50 years | 96 | 482 (11.2%) | 129 (30.6%) | 203 (13.6%) | 109 (5.8%) | 39 (7.8%) |
| Age 50–70 years | 96 | 2691 (62.8%) | 243 (57.7%) | 965 (64.7%) | 1176 (62.9%) | 305 (61.4%) |
| Age > 70 years | 96 | 1112 (26.0%) | 49 (11.6%) | 323 (21.7%) | 585 (31.3%) | 153 (30.8%) |
| Duration < 5 years | 100 | 1853 (41.8%) | 385 (90.8%) | 853 (54.1%) | 505 (26.1%) | 106 (21.3%) |
| Duration 5–10 yrs | 100 | 1381 (31.1%) | 22 (5.2%) | 463 (29.4%) | 739 (38.3%) | 156 (31.4%) |
| Duration > 10 years | 100 | 1204 (27.1%) | 17 (4.0%) | 261 (16.6%) | 688 (35.6%) | 235 (47.3%) |
| Active smoker | 99 | 1194 (27.1%) | 141 (33.3%) | 394 (25.4%) | 549 (28.6%) | 107 (21.6%) |
| Compliance to diet | ||||||
| Good-optimal | 93 | 1069 (25.8%) | 141 (35.6%) | 339 (23.0%) | 470 (26.3%) | 117 (24.5%) |
| Average | 93 | 1172 (28.3%) | 95 (24.0%) | 424 (28.8%) | 489 (27.3%) | 162 (34.0%) |
| Sufficient | 93 | 1086 (26.2%) | 64 (16.2%) | 426 (28.9%) | 485 (27.1%) | 110 (23.1%) |
| Insufficient | 93 | 814 (19.7%) | 96 (24.2%) | 283 (19.2%) | 345 (19.3%) | 88 (18.4%) |
| Regular physical activity | 98 | 608 (13.9%) | 79 (18.9%) | 246 (15.8%) | 215 (11.3%) | 67 (13.7%) |
| Latest HbA1c (%) | 96 | 7.9 ± 1.1 | 8.2 ± 1.5 | 7.9 ± 1.2 | 7.9 ± 0.9 | 8.0 ± 1.2 |
| HbA1c < 7% | 96 | 616 (14.4%) | 54 (13.0%) | 256 (17.2%) | 229 (12.2%) | 77 (15.6%) |
| HbA1c 7–8% | 96 | 1870 (43.8%) | 159 (38.4%) | 661 (44.4%) | 868 (46.4%) | 178 (36.1%) |
| HbA1c 8–10% | 96 | 1592 (37.2%) | 156 (37.7%) | 489 (32.8%) | 737 (39.4%) | 208 (42.2%) |
| HbA1c > 10% | 96 | 196 (4.6%) | 45 (10.9%) | 83 (5.6%) | 38 (2.0%) | 30 (6.1%) |
| HbA1c target, % | 82 | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 0.3 | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 6.9 ± 0.4 |
| Distance to target, % | 82 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 1.5 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 1.2 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 92 | 30.6 ± 5.2 | 31.8 ± 5.5 | 30.8 ± 5.2 | 30.3 ± 5.1 | 30.3 ± 5.5 |
| Obesity | 92 | 2078 (50.5%) | 257 (62.1%) | 725 (50.9%) | 865 (48.5%) | 228 (47.0%) |
| Hypertension | 100 | 3387 (76.1%) | 267 (62.8%) | 1122 (70.9%) | 1586 (82.0%) | 406 (81.5%) |
| SBP, mmHg | 87 | 135.6 ± 18.3 | 133.4 ± 13.9 | 135.7 ± 15.3 | 136.1 ± 21.7 | 135.8 ± 15.9 |
| DBP, mmHg | 87 | 80.2 ± 8.7 | 80.8 ± 8.9 | 80.2 ± 8.8 | 80.0 ± 8.5 | 80.2 ± 8.6 |
| Dyslipidemia | 100 | 2915 (65.5%) | 223 (52.5%) | 1023 (64.6%) | 1341 (69.3%) | 323 (64.9%) |
| Tot-cholesterol, mg/dl | 82 | 176.4 ± 41.2 | 188.7 ± 47.7 | 180.0 ± 41.1 | 173.1 ± 39.7 | 168.8 ± 38.9 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 81 | 47.7 ± 11.6 | 46.0 ± 11.0 | 47.7 ± 11.9 | 47.8 ± 11.3 | 48.4 ± 11.9 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 80 | 97.5 ± 37.0 | 107.4 ± 38.7 | 100.9 ± 36.4 | 94.7 ± 36.0 | 90.9 ± 38.7 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 82 | 156.0 ± 87.0 | 172.1 ± 97.2 | 157.2 ± 79.4 | 154.3 ± 78.4 | 147.7 ± 121.7 |
| Non-HDL, mg/dl | 81 | 128.6 ± 40.8 | 142.4 ± 47.9 | 132.1 ± 40.4 | 125.4 ± 39.4 | 120.6 ± 37.9 |
| Kidney damage | 100 | 1466 (33.0%) | 81 (19.1%) | 394 (24.9%) | 757 (39.1%) | 232 (46.6%) |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 85 | 79.2 ± 19.9 | 84.1 ± 20.7 | 81.8 ± 19.0 | 76.9 ± 19.2 | 76.2 ± 22.3 |
| CKD stage 3 + | 85 | 683 (18.1%) | 36 (10.2%) | 171 (13.2%) | 353 (21.4%) | 121 (26.2%) |
| Micro-albuminuria | 92 | 989 (24.2%) | 54 (13.8%) | 258 (18.1%) | 514 (28.5%) | 161 (34.5%) |
| Macro-albuminuria | 92 | 92 (2.2%) | 8 (2.1%) | 20 (1.4%) | 44 (2.4%) | 20 (4.3%) |
| CV risk assessments | ||||||
| Very high risk | 100 | 1494 (33.6%) | 112 (26.4%) | 443 (28.0%) | 703 (36.3%) | 235 (47.2%) |
| High risk | 100 | 2703 (60.8%) | 270 (63.5%) | 990 (62.5%) | 1183 (61.1%) | 254 (51.0%) |
| Moderate risk | 100 | 252 (5.7%) | 43 (10.1%) | 150 (9.5%) | 49 (2.5%) | 9 (1.8%) |
| No. of CVRF ≥ 3 | 100 | 822 (18.5%) | 67 (15.8%) | 275 (17.4%) | 383 (19.8%) | 96 (19.3%) |
| Complications | ||||||
| Prior CV events | 100 | 695 (15.6%) | 56 (13.2%) | 191 (12.1%) | 314 (16.2%) | 133 (26.7%) |
| Stroke | 100 | 147 (3.3%) | 12 (2.8%) | 30 (1.9%) | 63 (3.3%) | 42 (8.4%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 100 | 466 (10.5%) | 41 (9.6%) | 129 (8.1%) | 213 (11.0%) | 82 (16.5%) |
| Angina | 100 | 68 (1.5%) | 4 (0.9%) | 29 (1.8%) | 27 (1.4%) | 8 (1.6%) |
| PAD | 100 | 82 (1.8%) | 4 (0.9%) | 22 (1.4%) | 37 (1.9%) | 19 (3.8%) |
| Organ damage | 100 | 356 (8.0%) | 20 (4.7%) | 86 (5.4%) | 194 (10.0%) | 55 (11.0%) |
| Heart failure | 100 | 302 (6.8%) | 13 (3.1%) | 61 (3.9%) | 161 (8.3%) | 65 (13.1%) |
Data are shown for the entire population (total) and in groups of patients divided by the ongoing treatment regimen prior to the suggested introduction of oral semaglutide
CV cardiovascular, CVRF CV risk factors, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, PAD peripheral artery disease