Table 4.
Mean changes of variables in the intervention groups.
| Variables | Group | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LCD to HD (n = 8) | HD to LCD (n = 8) | ||
| Weight, kg | − 3.4 ± 0.43 | − 4.3 ± 44 | 0.1 |
| Waist circumference, cm | − 5.3 ± 1.3 | − 3.6 ± 0.74 | 0.2 |
| WHR | − 0.0 ± 0.01 | − 0.01 ± 0.005 | 0.1 |
| FBS, mg/dl | − 2.7 ± 2.09 | − 4.1 ± 1.8 | 0.6 |
| Insulin IU/ml | − 1.4 ± 1.4 | − 5.5 ± 1.3 | 0.04 |
| HOMA IR | − 0.4 ± 0.3 | − 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.04 |
| IL-6 pg/ml | − 0.86 ± 0.2 | 0.35 ± .66 | 0.09 |
| hs-CRP mg/L | − 2.1 ± 0.69 | − 0.62 ± 0.38 | 0.04 |
| Butyric acid mmol/L | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Propionic acid mmol/L | 3.3 ± 0.56 | 2.6 ± 0.47 | 0.3 |
| Acetic acid mmol/L | 7.2 ± 1.2 | 7.4 ± 1.2 | 0.9 |
The bold values are significant.
LCD to HD low-carbohydrate diet to habitual diet; HD to LCD habitual diet to low-carbohydrate diet; each diet for six weeks with two weeks washout period; WHR waist to hip ratio; FBS fasting blood sugar; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. IL-6 interleukin-6; hs-CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein.