Table 6.
Effects of baseline parameters on fecal short-chain fatty acids in the groups†.
| Variables | Beta ± SE | OR | 95%CI | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butyric acid | ||||
| Group† | 0.45 ± 1.1 | 0.12 | − 1.9, 2.9 | 0.67 |
| Age | 0.02 ± 0.07 | 0.08 | − 0.12, 0.17 | 0.7 |
| Weight | 0.02 ± 0.12 | 0.09 | − 0.23, 0.27 | 0.87 |
| Waist circumference | 0.07 ± 0.17 | 0.27 | − 0.29, 0.42 | 0.67 |
| WHR | 11.58 ± 14.9 | 0.38 | − 20.2, 43.4 | 0.45 |
| FBS | 0.33 ± 0.16 | 1.8 | − 0.002, 0.67 | 0.05 |
| Insulin | 0.05 ± 0.4 | 0.2 | − 0.76 ± 0.86 | 0.8 |
| hs-CRP | − 0.47 ± 0.2 | − 0.75 | − 0.9, − 0.02 | 0.04 |
| IL-6 | 1.07 ± 0.63 | 0.5 | − 0.27, 2.4 | 0.1 |
| HOMA-IR | − 5.1 ± 3.6 | − 4.6 | − 12.9, 2.7 | 0.2 |
| Acetic acid | − 0.06 ± 0.2 | − 0.05 | − 0.6, 0.48 | 0.8 |
| Propionic acid | 1.1 ± 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.12, 2.1 | 0.03 |
| Propionic acid | ||||
| Group | − 1.6 ± 1.3 | − 0.43 | − 4.36, 1.04 | 0.2 |
| Age | 0.03 ± 0.08 | 0.12 | − 0.15, 0.22 | 0.7 |
| Weight | 0.08 ± 0.13 | 0.4 | − 0.2, 0.35 | 0.6 |
| Waist circumference | 0.006 ± 0.18 | 0.02 | − 0.38, 0.39 | 0.9 |
| WHR | 21.2 ± 16.1 | 0.73 | − 13.4, 55.7 | 0.2 |
| FBS | 0.18 ± 0.19 | 1.07 | − 0.2, 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Insulin | 0.34 ± 0.98 | 1.36 | − 1.7, 2.4 | 0.7 |
| hs-CRP | − 0.39 ± 0.26 | − 0.65 | − 0.94, 0.16 | 0.15 |
| IL-6 | − 0.53 ± 0.79 | − 0.27 | − 2.2,1.2 | 0.5 |
| HOMA-IR | − 1.6 ± 4.5 | − 1.5 | − 11.3, 8.1 | 0.7 |
| Acetic acid | − 0.009 ± 0.3 | − 0.008 | − 0.62, 0.61 | 0.9 |
| Butyric acid | − 0.34 ± 0.84 | − 0.13 | − 2.1, 1.5 | 0.7 |
| Acetic acid | ||||
| Group | − 2.3 ± 2.4 | − 0.26 | − 7.5, 2.8 | 0.35 |
| Age | 0.17 ± 0.16 | 0.27 | − 0.17, 0.52 | 0.3 |
| Weight | 0.03 ± 0.24 | 0.06 | − 0.49, 0.55 | 0.9 |
| Waist circumference | 0.25 ± 0.34 | 0.5 | − 0.48, 0.99 | 0.5 |
| WHR | 13.2 ± 30.7 | 0.2 | − 52.7, 79.1 | 0.67 |
| FBS | 1.1 ± 0.37 | 2.8 | 0.34, 1.9 | 0.009 |
| Insulin | 5.2 ± 1.9 | 8.9 | 1.2, 9.2 | 0.01 |
| hs-CRP | − 0.08 ± 0.5 | − 0.06 | − 1.1, 0.96 | 0.87 |
| IL-6 | − 2.4 ± 1.5 | − 0.5 | − 5.6,0.8 | 0.13 |
| HOMA-IR | − 2.3 ± 2.4 | − 0.26 | − 7.5, 2.8 | 0.35 |
| Propionic acid | 2.8 ± 0.99 | 0.64 | 0.7, 4.9 | 0.01 |
| Butyric acid | − 4. 2 ± 1.6 | − 0.69 | − 7.6, − 0.75 | 0.02 |
Regression analysis was performed by adjusting the baseline parameters; groups: low carbohydrate to habitual diet and habitual to low carbohydrate diet. The bold values are significant.
WHR waist to hip ratio; FBS fasting blood sugar; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. IL-6 interleukin-6; hs-CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein.
†Group: low-carbohydrate to habitual diet (LCD to HD) versus habitual to low-carbohydrate diet (HD to LCD) group.