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. 2023 Oct 11;4:1281698. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1281698

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© 2023 Negus, Akbarali, Kang, Lee, Marsh, Santos and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Potency and time course of IP acid-induced behavioral depression. Top panels show the IP acid concentration-effect curve for Crosses (left), Movement Counts (center), and Bias (right). IP acid was administered 5 min before 15-min test sessions. Bottom panels show the time course of effects produced by 0.56% IP acid on Crosses (left), Movement Counts (center), and Bias (right). IP acid was administered at the designated intervals before 15-min test sessions. Each bar shows the mean ± SEM for 12 mice (6 male, 6 female), and points show data for individual mice. **p < 0.01 for comparison between the designated groups.