Table 2.
Unadjusted Happiness Linear Regression Models
| Variables | B | Std. Error | Beta | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) (Reference group: 60–64) | ||||
| 65–69 | − 0.080 | 0.128 | − 0.021 | 0.531 |
| 70–74 | 0.321 | 0.136 | 0.078 | 0.019 |
| 75 or over | 0.292 | 0.143 | 0.066 | 0.042 |
| Sex (Reference group: male) | ||||
| Female | 0.011 | 0.099 | 0.003 | 0.912 |
| Marital status (Reference group: single) | ||||
| Married | 0.196 | 0.277 | 0.053 | 0.480 |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 0.082 | 0.286 | 0.022 | 0.774 |
| Educational attainment (Reference group: below primary) | ||||
| Primary | − 0.003 | 0.133 | − 0.001 | 0.982 |
| Secondary | 0.369 | 0.184 | 0.070 | 0.045 |
| Post- secondary | 0.846 | 0.252 | 0.106 | 0.001 |
| Place of residence (Reference group: urban area | ||||
| Rural | − 0.108 | 0.100 | − 0.031 | 0.281 |
| Self-rated health (Reference group: poor) | ||||
| Moderate | 0.463 | 0.124 | 0.132 | < 0.001 |
| Good/very good | 0.971 | 0.126 | 0.274 | < 0.001 |
| Employment (Reference group: no paid work) | ||||
| Paid work | − 0.232 | 0.100 | − 0.067 | 0.020 |
| Household chores (Reference group: no) | ||||
| Yes | − 0.190 | 0.106 | − 0.052 | 0.072 |
| Home gardening (Reference group: no) | ||||
| Yes | 0.234 | 0.115 | 0.059 | 0.042 |
| Financial satisfaction (Reference group: no) | ||||
| Less | 1.043 | 0.117 | 0.305 | < 0.001 |
| More/most satisfied | 1.606 | 0.128 | 0.429 | < 0.001 |
| Having meals together with family (Never) | ||||
| Some meals | − 0.053 | 0.107 | − 0.016 | 0.617 |
| Every meal | 0.391 | 0.151 | 0.081 | 0.010 |
| Food insecurity (score) (Reference group: food secure (0)) | ||||
| Moderate (1–3) | − 0.503 | 0.123 | − 0.117 | < 0.001 |
| Severe (4–8) | − 0.990 | 0.170 | − 0.168 | < 0.001 |
p – p value; B – Unstandardized coefficient; Beta – Standardized beta coefficient