Table 3.

Means and standard deviations of the HAPA constructs and brushing frequency per day per measurement time and the results of the repeated measures ANOVA per treatment group

		T1	T2	T3			Pairwise comparison
	N	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	p-value	η2
Outcome expectancies
BGT	15	3.12 (0.57)	3.09 (0.41)	3.22 (0.64)	0.568
IVS	48	3.08 (0.68)	3.24 (0.51)	3.30 (0.46)	0.081
Risk perception
BGT	15	3.36 (0.53)	3.45 (0.62)	3.31 (0.58)	0.603
IVS	50	3.46 (0.59)	3.41 (0.52)	3.32 (0.58)	0.343
Action self-efficacy
BGT	15	3.64 (0.61)	3.36 (0.61)	3.13 (074)	0.016	0.26	T1-T2 (p = 0.027),T1-T3 (p = 0.021)
IVS	51	3.49 (0.66)	3.58 (0.52)	3.53 (0.55)	0.533
Intention
BGT	14	3.24 (0.48)	3.01 (0.25)	3.10 (0.51)	0.214
IVS	48	3.41 (0.60)	3.34 (0.52)	3.30 (0.50)	0.486
Coping self-efficacy
BGT	15	3.63 (0.51)	3.23 (0.59)	3.37 (0.63)	0.049	0.19	T1-T2 (p = 0.015)
IVS	50	3.49 (0.50)	3.45 (0.52)	3.39 (0.54)	0.321
Action planning
BGT	14	3.17 (0.59)	3.23 (0.51)	2.94 (0.83)	0.426
IVS	48	3.25 (0.54)	3.23 (0.55)	3.05 (0.49)	0.046	0.06	T1-T3 (p = 0.036)
Coping planning
BGT	14	2.97 (0.78)	2.79 (0.68)	2.66 (0.66)	0.407
IVS	48	2.77 (0.66)	2.91 (0.60)	2.82 (0.56)	0.369
Action control
BGT	14	2.76 (0.75)	2.80 (0.39)	2.80 (0.69)	0.966
IVS	50	2.58 (0.56)	2.82 (0.59)	2.87 (0.48)	0.005	0.10	T1-T2 (p = 0.012), T1-T3 (p = 0.006)

IVS intravenous sedation. BGT behavioural guidance techniques

significance at p < 0.05 are in bold

^g = Greenhouse–Geisser correction

η2 = eta2[g] = partial eta squared