Table 1. Virucidal activity of 10 ppm of chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) toward avian influenza virus (AIV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in aqueous phase containing 0.5 and 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

Virus		AIV		IBV
FBS (%)		0.5	5.0	0.5	5.0
Control		6.42 ± 0.18	5.92 ± 0.14	5.71 ± 0.01	5.80 ± 0.01
CLOX-10a	0 sec	6.38 ± 0.07	6.38 ± 0.07	5.93 ± 0.02	6.02 ± 0.02
	15 sec	<1.80 ± 0.00	<1.80 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00
	30 sec	<1.80 ± 0.00	<1.80 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00
	1 min	<1.80 ± 0.00	<1.80 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00	<2.00 ± 0.00
dW2	1 min	6.97 ± 0.07	6.30 ± 0.00	5.89 ± 0.01	5.89 ± 0.02

^a Chlorine dioxide liquid at 10 ppm of total chlorine. Figures are shown as mean ± SE from replicated 3 times. Viral titer was measured for AIV as log₁₀ 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID₅₀)/mL, and for IBV as log₁₀ plaque forming unit (PFU)/mL. Viral titer <1.80 log₁₀TCID₅₀/mL and <2.00 log₁₀PFU/mL indicates the virus was inactivated to undetectable level.