Table 1. Summary of the tested specimens.
Order | Scientific name | Species (Common name) | Tested lymphoid tissues | No. of tested birds | Case condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Struthioniformes (Ostriches) | Struthio camelus | Common ostrich | S | 3 | A, U |
Galliformes (Landfowls) | Gallus gallus var. domesticus | Chicken | S | 3 | A |
Chrysolophus pictus | Golden pheasant | S | 1 | D | |
Pavo sp. | Peafowl | S | 1 | D | |
Meleagris gallopavo | Turkey | S | 1 | A | |
Coturnix japonica | Japanese quail | S | 1 | U | |
Lagopus muta hyperborea | Svalbard rock ptarmigan | S | 1 | D | |
Numida meleagris | Helmeted guineafowl | S | 3 | U | |
Anseriformes (Waterfowls) | ―a | Hybrid duck | B, GALT, S | 2 | A |
Anas platyrhynchos | Mallard | S | 1 | D | |
Anas crecca | Common teal | C | 1 | D | |
Anas acuta | Northern pintail | S | 1 | D | |
Sibirionetta formosa | Baikal teal | E | 1 | D | |
Aythya ferina | Common pochard | C, S | 2 | D | |
Aythya fuligula | Tufted duck | GALT | 1 | D | |
Tadorna ferruginea | Ruddy shelduck | S | 1 | D | |
Anser anser var. domesticus | Goose | B, S | 2 | A | |
Cygnus cygnus | Whooper swan | S | 2 | D | |
Cygnus olor | Mute swan | S | 2 | D, U | |
Cygnus atratus | Black swan | S | 2 | U | |
Podicipediformes (Grebes) | Podiceps cristatus | Great crested grebe | S | 1 | D |
Columbiformes (Doves) | Columba livia | Rock dove | C, S | 2 | A |
Streptopelia orientalis | Oriental turtle-dove | S | 2 | D | |
Sphenisciformes (Penguins) | Spheniscus humboldti | Humboldt penguin | BALT | 1 | D |
Spheniscus magellanicus | Magellanic penguin | E, S | 3 | D | |
Suliformes (Cormorants) | Phalacrocorax carbo | Great cormorant | S | 2 | D |
Phalacrocorax capillatus | Japanese cormorant | S | 2 | D | |
Pelecaniformes (Pelicans) | Nipponia nippon | Asian crested ibis | S | 1 | D |
Ardea intermedia | Intermediate egret | BALT | 1 | D | |
Pelecanus sp. | Pelican | S | 1 | U | |
Gruiformes (Cranes) | Fulica atra | Common coot | S | 2 | U |
Charadriiformes (Plovers) | Himantopus himantopus mexicanus | Black-necked stilt | S | 2 | U |
Larus ridibundus | Black-headed gull | B, C, GALT | 2 | D | |
Fratercula cirrhata | Tufted puffin | S | 1 | D | |
Synthliboramphus antiquus | Ancient murrelet | S | 2 | D | |
Accipitriformes (Eagles and New world vultures) | ―b | Hybrid hawk | S | 1 | D |
Haliaeetus albicilla | White-tailed sea-eagle | S | 1 | D | |
Buteo japonicus | Japanese buzzard | S | 1 | D | |
Parabuteo unicinctus | Harris’s hawk | S | 1 | D | |
Strigiformes (Owls) | Bubo scandiacus | Snowy owl | S | 1 | D |
―c | Owl | S | 2 | D | |
Falconiformes (Falcons) | Falco tinnunculus | Common kestrel | E | 1 | D |
Psittaciformes (Parrots) | Ara ararauna | Blue-and-yellow macaw | S | 1 | D |
Melopsittacus undulatus | Budgerigar | S | 2 | D | |
Agapornis lilianae | Nyasa lovebird | S | 1 | D | |
Alisterus scapularis | Australian king-parrot | S | 1 | D | |
Psittacus erithacus | Grey parrot | E | 1 | D | |
Cacatua alba | White cockatoo | S | 1 | D | |
Cacatua goffiniana | Tanimbar corella | S | 1 | D | |
Passeriformes (Oscines) | Corvus sp.d | Crow | S | 3 | D |
Passer montanus | Eurasian tree sparrow | C, S | 2 | A | |
Hypsipetes amaurotis | Brown-eared bulbul | S | 3 | D | |
Spodiopsar cineraceus | White-cheeked starling | S | 1 | D |
A, autopsy case; B, bursa of Fabricius; BALT, bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue; C, cecal tonsil; D, death case; E, ectopic lymphoid aggregate in the liver or kidney; GALT, gut-associated lymphoid tissue; S, spleen; U, case of unknown autopsy or death. aHybrid offspring of a male hybrid duck (Anas zonorhyncha × Anas platyrhynchos) and a female duck (Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus). bNorthern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) × Black sparrowhawk (Accipiter melanoleucus). cDetails are unknown. dCarrion crow (Corvus corone) or Large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos).