Table 2.
Factors affecting the development of lateral lymph node metastases
| Features | Lateral lymph node metastases (+) (%) | Lateral lymph node metastases (−) (%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (n, %) | |||
| Male | 14 (38.9) | 67 (21.6) | 0.020 |
| Female | 22 (61.1) | 243 (78.4) | |
| Age (year) (Mean±SD) (Min-Max) | 47.03±18.47 (19–81) | 47.35±13.33 (16–85) | 0.814 |
| ≥55 age (n+%) | 13 (36.1) | 84 (27.1) | 0.254 |
| <55 age (n+%) | 23 (63.9) | 226 (72.9) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean±SD) (min-max) | 25.89±4.42 (18.90–36.90) | 27.39±5.16 (17.90–48.00) | 0.150 |
| TSH (uIU/Ml) (mean±SD) (min-max) | 2.68±4.06 (0.01–24.6) | 2.17±2.78 (0.01–28.04) | 0.360 |
| Anti-TPO (IU/mL) (mean±SD) (min-max) | 34.88±106.62 (0.10–561) | 58.45±136.22 (0.10–1083) | 0.151 |
| (n+%) | 3 (9.1) | 62 (23.6) | 0.061 |
| Anti-TG (IU/mL) (mean±SD) (min-max) | 175.43±708.80 (0.90–4000) | 95.04±374.43 (0.90–4000) | 0.833 |
| (n+%) | 6 (17.6) | 49 (18.4) | 0.913 |
| Tumor Size (cm) (mean±SD) (min-max) | 2.30±1.99 (0.6–8.5) | 1.31±1.40 (0.1–12) | 0.000 |
| ETE (n+%) | |||
| ETE 0 (none) | 18 (54.5) | 260 (83.1) | 0.000 |
| ETE 1 (minor) | 11 (30.6) | 43 (13.9) | |
| ETE 2 (major) | 7 (14.9) | 7 (3) | |
| Lymphocytic thyroiditis (n+%) | 13 (36.1) | 155 (50) | 0.115 |
| Surgical margin positivity (n+%) | 2 (5.6) | 8 (2.6) | 0.313 |
| Lymphovascular ınvasion (n+%) | 25 (69.4) | 64 (20.6) | 0.000 |
| Multicentricity (n+%) | 25 (69.4) | 107 (34.5) | 0.000 |
| Multifocality (n+%) | 20 (55.6) | 78 (25.2) | 0.000 |
| Aggressive histological subtype (n+%) | 8 (22.2) | 29 (9.4) | 0.018 |
| Central lymph node metastases (n+%) | 27 (75) | 20 (6.5) | 0.000 |
| Extranodal extension in lymph nodes (n+%) | 2 (5.7) | 5 (15.6) | 0.185 |
| ≥3 cm lymph node (n+%) | 9 (48.5) | 0 | 0.002 |
| ATA risk stratification (n+%) | |||
| Low | 5 (13.9) | 271 (87.4) | 0.000 |
| Intermediate | 21 (58.3) | 39 (12.6) | |
| High | 10 (27.8) | 0 | |
| Stage (TNM) (n+%) | |||
| Stage 1 | 29 (80.6) | 291 (93.9) | 0.001 |
| Stage 2 | 6 (16.7) | 19 (6.1) | |
| Stage 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Stage 4 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | |
| T Stage (n+%) | |||
| T1 | 16 (44.4) | 230 (74.2) | 0.001 |
| T2 | 5 (13.9) | 27 (8.7) | |
| T3 | 14 (38.9) | 52 (16.8) | |
| T4 | 1 (2.8) | 2 (0.3) | |
| M stage (n+%) | 1 (2.1) | 0 | 0.003 |
SD: Standard deviation; Min: Minimum; Max: Maximum; cm: Centimeter; kg: Kilogram; m2: Square meter; n: Number; TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone; Anti-TPO: Antithyroid peroxidase; Anti-TG: Anti: Antithyroglobulin; ETE: Extrathyroidal extension; T: Tumor; N: Node; M: Metastasis; ATA: American thyroid association; BMI: Body mass index.