Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| No. (%) of patients | ||
|---|---|---|
| Landiolol (n = 63) | Standard care (n = 63) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 55.9 (16.2) | 55.3 (17.1) |
| Female | 26 (41.3) | 26 (41.3) |
| Male | 37 (58.7) | 37 (58.7) |
| Main site of the infection | ||
| Lungs | 28 (44.4) | 27 (42.9) |
| Abdomen | 21 (33.3) | 22 (34.9) |
| Other | 8 (12.7) | 13 (20.6) |
| Urine | 4 (6.3) | 1 (1.6) |
| Blood | 2 (3.2) | 0 |
| Location of infection acquisition | ||
| Community | 46 (73.0) | 45 (71.4) |
| Hospital | 17 (27.0) | 18 (28.6) |
| Patient met ARDS criteriaa | 20 (31.7) | 13 (20.6) |
| Concomitant illnesses | 57 (90.5) | 55 (87.3) |
| Received β-blockers | ||
| 2 wk Prior to ICU admission | 5 (14.3) | 6 (16.7) |
| During ICU admission prior to randomization | 3 (8.3) | 5 (13.9) |
| Steroid or hydrocortisone equivalent dose, mean (SD), mg | 170.6 (94.4) | 176.7 (100.8) |
| No. | 33 | 37 |
| Laboratory values at randomization | ||
| Arterial blood gases, median (IQR), mm Hg | ||
| Pao2 | 78.8 (67.5-91.5) | 74.3 (66.0-84.0) |
| No. | 62 | |
| Paco2 | 46.1 (41.3-57.0) | 44.3 (34.5-51.8) |
| No. | 62 | 62 |
| Glucose and lactate, mean (SD), mg/dL | ||
| Glucose | 138.1 (56.0) | 144.1 (51.4) |
| No. | 62 | |
| Lactate | 41.0 (25.6) | 40.9 (28.4) |
| No. | 62 | |
| MAP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 73.0 (9.1) | 72.3 (7.6) |
| No. | 62 | |
| Heart rate, mean (SD), beats/min | 110.6 (13.0) | 114.1 (16.8) |
| Atrial fibrillation at randomization | 7 (11.1) | 8 (12.7) |
| Norepinephrine dose, mean (SD), µg/kg/min | 0.37 (0.30) | 0.36 (0.22) |
| SOFA score, mean (SD)b | 10.1 (3.3) | 10.3 (2.4) |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; MAP, mean arterial pressure; Pao2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; Paco2, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
SI conversion factors: To convert glucose from mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0555; lactate from mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.111.
Berlin Criteria27 of Pao2:Fio2 (fraction of inspired oxygen) ratio less than 300 and bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph.
A 5-item SOFA score (respiratory, coagulation, cardiovascular, liver, and kidney). Each item scores from 0 (best, normal function) to 4 (worst, most abnormal function). The SOFA score is the mean of the 5 scores. Values in the table represent the results recorded at or closest prior to randomization.