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. 2023 Oct 25;24:255. doi: 10.1186/s12931-023-02550-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, and pyroptosis pathway molecules in the induced sputum of patients with asthma is upregulated and negatively related to the mRNA expression of MUC1. Induced sputum cells from the HC (n = 12), MMA (n = 34), and SA (n = 18) groups were subjected to RT-qPCR to detect the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β. (A-F) mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β in induced sputum cells. (G-L) Correlation of the mRNA expression of MUC1 with the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β in induced sputum cells of patients with asthma (n = 52). HC = healthy controls (n = 12), MMA = mild-to-moderate asthma (n = 34), SA = severe asthma (n = 18). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; and **** p < 0.0001