Table 1.
Demographic profile of participants (n = 30)
| Site frequency* | |
|---|---|
| University Malaya Medical Centre |
15 (50) |
| Serdang Hospital |
15 (50) |
|
Age in years, mean (SD)
|
|
| Range 29-87 |
59.5 (0.5) |
|
Gender*
|
|
| Male |
18 (60) |
| Female |
12 (40) |
|
Ethnicity*
|
|
| Malay |
16 (53.3) |
| Chinese |
9 (30.0) |
| Indian |
4 (13.3) |
| Bangladeshi |
1 (3.3) |
|
Diagnosis*
|
|
| COPD |
7 (23.3) |
| Bronchiectasis |
17 (56.7) |
| Interstitial lung disease |
6 (20.0) |
|
Level of education*
|
|
| No formal education |
2 (6.7) |
| Primary |
4 (13.3) |
| Secondary |
11 (36.7) |
| Tertiary |
13 (43.3) |
|
Hospitalisation in the past 12 mo due to respiratory causes*
|
|
| Yes |
10 (33.3) |
| No |
20 (66.7) |
|
Smoking status*
|
|
| Current smoker |
0 |
| Past smoker |
9 (30) |
| Never smoked |
21 (70) |
|
Symptoms*
|
|
| Shortness of breath |
12 (40.0) |
| Sputum |
27 (90.0) |
| Cough |
22 (73.3) |
| Others |
|
|
Lethargy
|
5 (16.7) |
| Painful knees | 1 (3.3) |
SD – standard deviation, COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
*Data presented as n (%) unless otherwise specified.