Table 2.
Characteristics of Children in the Study Comparing US- and Foreign-Born Latinos to Non-Hispanic Whites Seen Within the ADVANCE Clinical Research Network of Community Health Centers Across 11 US States Before and After Weighting
| Characteristic | Unweighted Groups, % | Max ASMD* | Weighted Groups, % | Max ASMD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic White | US-Born Latino | Foreign-Born Latino | Non-Hispanic White | US-Born Latino | Foreign-Born Latino | |||
| Total N/ESS | 134,570 | 19,143 | 2189 | 156,503.3 | 151,441.7 | 141,493.4 | ||
| Female | 49.5 | 50.2 | 48.8 | 0.018 | 49.6 | 50.2 | 49.8 | 0.008 |
| Age at first encounter | 0.461 | 0.049 | ||||||
| 0–3 | 30.3 | 26.1 | 9.5 | 29.5 | 29.8 | 27.0 | ||
| 3–6 | 16.4 | 16.9 | 13.9 | 16.5 | 16.6 | 18.3 | ||
| 6–11 | 24.7 | 28.3 | 24.1 | 25.2 | 24.8 | 25.2 | ||
| 11–14 | 15.2 | 15.7 | 20.1 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 15.5 | ||
| 14–17 | 13.3 | 13.0 | 32.4 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 14.0 | ||
| Body mass index† | 0.243 | 0.024 | ||||||
| Never overweight | 67.0 | 50.3 | 50.0 | 64.7 | 64.4 | 63.2 | ||
| Sometimes overweight | 12.8 | 22.0 | 21.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | ||
| Always overweight | 20.2 | 27.7 | 28.9 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 22.7 | ||
| Federal poverty level | 0.610 | 0.053 | ||||||
| Above and below 138 | 9.6 | 2.9 | 5.5 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 7.3 | ||
| Always over 138 | 12.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 10.4 | ||
| Always under 138 | 48.9 | 52.7 | 77.6 | 49.8 | 51.0 | 52.4 | ||
| Never documented | 28.8 | 41.8 | 14.5 | 30.1 | 29.7 | 29.8 | ||
| Insurance | 0.592 | 0.077 | ||||||
| Never insured | 9.7 | 1.5 | 11.3 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 9.3 | ||
| Some private | 20.7 | 2.4 | 17.0 | 18.5 | 16.9 | 15.3 | ||
| Some private and public | 7.5 | 3.4 | 10.6 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 5.6 | ||
| Some public | 62.1 | 92.7 | 61.1 | 65.8 | 67.8 | 69.8 | ||
| Yearly visits | 0.396 | 0.049 | ||||||
| 0–1 | 38.0 | 14.7 | 18.0 | 34.9 | 34.1 | 37.2 | ||
| 1–3 | 43.1 | 50.6 | 52.0 | 44.2 | 44.7 | 42.8 | ||
| 3–5 | 11.6 | 19.7 | 17.3 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 12.3 | ||
| 5–10 | 5.7 | 10.8 | 8.6 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | ||
| >10 | 1.6 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.5 | ||
ESS indicates effective sample size. Weights were obtained using inverse-probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using propensity scores. The application of IPTW was accomplished using the R package twang (toolkit for weighting and analysis of nonequivalent groups), v. 1.5.
Maximum absolute standardized mean difference (ASMD) across all pairwise comparisons for each level of pretreatment covariate.
Body mass index (BMI) calculated using the “childsds” package in R based on age, sex, weight, and height. Overweight if BMI over the 85th percentile, obese if over the 95th percentile. Biologically implausible values were flagged as over 8 standard deviations over or 4 under the mean BMI.