Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate cox analyses on variables for the prediction of overall survival in the training cohort
| Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| < 65 | Reference | |||
| 65–75 | 1.214(1.151–1.280) | < 0.001* | 0.075 | |
| > 75 | 1.373(1.260–1.497) | < 0.001* | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | ||
| Male | 1.292(1.229–1.359) | < 0.001* | 1.254(1.192–1.319) | < 0.001* |
| Race | ||||
| White | Reference | |||
| Black | 1.073(0.998–1.153) | 0.056 | 0.194 | |
| Other | 0.673(0.621–0.729) | < 0.001* | ||
| Grade | ||||
| I | Reference | |||
| II | 1.106(0.995–1.229) | 0.063 | 0.753 | |
| III | 1.495(1.352–1.653) | < 0.001* | ||
| IV | 1.639(1.258–2.136) | < 0.001* | ||
| Tumor stage | ||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| T2 | 1.191(1.083–1.310) | < 0.001* | 1.247(1.132–1.372) | < 0.001* |
| T3 | 1.226(1.115–1.349) | < 0.001* | 1.289(1.169–1.421) | < 0.001* |
| T4 | 1.328(1.212–1.455) | < 0.001* | 1.374(1.248–1.512) | < 0.001* |
| Nodal stage | ||||
| N0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| N1 | 1.116(1.008–1.235) | 0.035* | 1.072(0.967–1.188) | 0.047* |
| N2 | 1.323(1.241–1.411) | < 0.001* | 1.245(1,164–1.331) | < 0.001* |
| N3 | 1.429(1.324–1.542) | < 0.001* | 1.366(1.261–1.479) | < 0.001* |
| Tumor size | ||||
| < 2 cm | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2–4 cm | 1.352(1.225–1.493) | < 0.001* | 1.250(1.131–1.380) | < 0.001* |
| > 4 cm | 1.578(1.433–1.737) | < 0.001* | 1.326(1.153–1.525) | < 0.001* |
| Surgery | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.469(0.426–0.517) | < 0.001* | 0.500(0.452–0.553) | < 0.001* |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.428(0.406–0.451) | < 0.001* | 0.443(0.402–0.488) | < 0.001* |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.641(0.610–0.674) | < 0.001* | 0.835(0.751–0.927) | 0.001* |
| Metastasis | ||||
| Unknown | Reference | Reference | ||
| Bone | 1.220(1.121–1.328) | < 0.001* | 1.334(1.211–1.470) | < 0.001* |
| Brain | 1.154(1.060–1.256) | 0.001* | 1.375(1.235–1.532) | < 0.001* |
| Liver | 1.307(1.111–1.537) | 0.001* | 1.419(1.191–1.691) | < 0.001* |
| Lung | 0.942(0.863–1.029) | 0.018* | 1.048(0.938–1.170) | 0.406 |
| Bone and brain | 1.418(1.257–1.600) | < 0.001* | 1.655(1.441–1.900) | < 0.001* |
| Bone and liver | 1.879(1.626–2.171) | < 0.001* | 1.965(1.676–2.304) | < 0.001* |
| Bone and lung | 1.290(1.151–1.445) | < 0.001* | 1.420(1.243–1.622) | < 0.001* |
| Brain and liver | 1.643(1.278–2.113) | < 0.001* | 1.771(1.365–2.298) | < 0.001* |
| Brain and lung | 1.392(1.226–1.581) | < 0.001* | 1.428(1.237–1.649) | < 0.001* |
| Liver and lung | 1.445(1.159–1.800) | 0.001* | 1.626(1.290–2.049) | < 0.001* |
| Bone, brain and liver | 2.096(1.713–2.564) | < 0.001* | 2.491(2.012–3.083) | < 0.001* |
| Bone, brain and lung | 1.419(1.212–1.661) | < 0.001* | 1.681(1.413–1.999) | < 0.001* |
| Bone, liver and lung | 2.253(1.912–2.654) | < 0.001* | 2.461(2.059–2.940) | < 0.001* |
| Brain, liver and lung | 2.156(1.611–2.887) | < 0.001* | 2.391(1.770–3.230) | < 0.001* |
| Bone, brain, liver and lung | 1.804(1.465–2.222) | < 0.001* | 2.173(1.740–2.713) | < 0.001* |
*Statistically significant