Table 4.
The association of demographic and SI, OE, DP, and PA based on univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
| Variable | SI | EE | DP | PA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | ||
| Age | 1.03 (1.00–1.06)* | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 0.94 (0.91–0.98)* | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | (–) | 1.03 (1.00–1.07)* | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | |
| Sex | Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1.12 (0.71–1.75) | (–) | 1.47 (0.90–2.42) | 1.51 (0.86–2.64) | 1.28 (0.80–2.06) | (–) | 1.12 (0.71–1.76) | (–) | |
| Education level |
MD, Ph.D. (Doctorate) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Doctorate > | 0.73 (0.46–1.17) | (–) | 1.23 (0.73–2.05) | (–) | 1.22 (0.75–1.99) | (–) | 0.76 (0.47–1.21) | (–) | |
| Work experience (in years) |
5> | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 5–10 | 1.23 (0.74–2.05) | 0.99 (0.49–1.99) | 0.62 (0.35–1.10) | 0.83 (0.35–1.92) | 0.89 (0.52–1.50) | 0.85 (0.49–1.45) | 1.25 (0.75–2.08) | 1.03 (0.51–2.07) | |
| >10 | 1.90 (1.03–3.50)* | 1.10 (0.40–3.03) | 0.45 (0.23–0.85)* | 1.36 (0.41–4.48) | 0.49 (0.25–0.98)* | 0.49 (0.24–0.99)* | 1.98 (1.07–3.66)* | 1.17 (0.42–3.22) | |
| Job category |
Physicians1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Nursing categories2 | 0.94 (0.56–1.59) | 1.60 (0.84–3.03) | 1.73 (0.95–3.30) | 0.61 (0.25–1.44) | 1.14 (0.67–1.93) | 0.99 (0.57–1.71) | 0.91 (0.54–1.54) | 1.54 (0.81–2.93) | |
| Others3 | 2.97 (1.57–5.59)* | 3.76 (1.72–8.21)* | 0.27 (0.14–0.51)* | 0.19 (0.07–0.47)* | 0.46 (0.23–0.93)* | 0.46 (0.21–1.03) | 2.87 (1.52–5.42)* | 3.63 (1.66–7.93)* | |
| Hiring status | Official/Permanent | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Contractual employment | 0.57 (0.302–1.09) | (–) | 2.90 (1.48–5.69)* | 1.73 (0.75–3.98) | 2.03 (1.03–4.02)* | (–) | 0.55 (0.29–1.06) | (–) | |
| Temporary | 1.00 (0.53–1.88) | (–) | 2.18 (1.13–4.19)* | 1.01 (0.41–2.45) | 0.92 (0.46–1.86) | (–) | 0.96 (0.50–1.82) | (–) | |
| Marriage status |
Single | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Married | 1.91 (1.19–3.08)* | 1.64 (0.94–2.85) | 0.86 (0.52–1.44) | (–) | 0.97 (0.60–1.59) | (–) | 1.95 (1.21–3.15)* | 1.67 (0.96–2.91) | |
| Mental illness History | Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| No | 1.06 (0.63–1.79) | (–) | 1.09 (0.62–1.91) | (–) | 1.05 (0.61–1.81) | (–) | 1.08 (0.64–1.82) | (–) | |
| Direct exposure | Yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| No | 2.24 (1.14–4.41)* | 0.82 (0.32–2.09) | 0.23 (0.11–0.45)* | 0.84 (0.29–2.39) | 0.53 (0.25–1.13) | 0.84 (0.34–2.05) | 2.21 (1.12–4.35)* | 0.82 (0.32–2.09) | |
| Shift type | Day | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Night | 0.43 (0.22–0.82)* | 0.48 (0.21–1.07) | 5.81 (2.52–13.40)* | 4.84 (1.72–13.65)* | 1.51 (0.78–2.92) | (–) | 0.42 (0.21–0.80)* | 0.48 (0.21–1.07) | |
| Cycling (Day and Night) | 0.57 (0.34–0.96)* | 0.60 (0.30–1.18) | 2.82 (1.63–4.85)* | 2.44 (1.11–5.36)* | 1.30 (0.76–2.23) | (–) | 0.57 (0.34–0.95)* | 0.60 (0.30–1.19) | |
| Number of shifts (in months) |
8 ≥ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| > 8 | 0.60 (0.38–0.95)* | 0.82 (0.46–1.46) | 2.53 (1.53–4.18)* | 1.28 (0.66–2.49) | 0.94 (0.59–1.51) | (–) | 0.60 (0.38–0.95)* | 0.82 (0.46–1.46) | |
| Income (in millions) |
≥ 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 > | 1.03 (0.65–1.62) | (–) | 1.46 (0.89–2.39) | 1.16 (0.58–2.32) | 1.10 (0.69–1.77) | (–) | 1.00 (0.63–1.58) | (–) | |
Suicide Ideation (SI), Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), Reduced Personal Accomplishment (PA), Doctor of Medicine (MD), Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) (Academic Doctorates other than MD).
The data are presented as odds ratio (OR) and Confidence Interval (CI) (OR (CI)).
*p-values under 0.05 are considered statistically significant.
Multivariate logistic regression analyses were done for variables (uncategorized) with a P-value of 0.2 ≥ in the crude analysis.
Refers to all types of physicians (general and specialist).
Refers to all nursing categories (nurses, care assistants, etc.).
Refers to all Hospital personnel other than physicians and nurses.