Table 1.

Summary of suggested app user interfaces.

	Suggestions	Study
Text	Text size should be large to improve readability, especially for people living with dementia with vision impairments. Decrease text density by minimizing the use of text and using icons or pictures where applicable instead.	Rai et al [47] Boyd et al [50] Hashim-de Vries et al [52] Mohd Hassan et al [53] Quintana et al [57] Chaudhry and Smith [68] Reyes et al [71] Rettinger et al [75] Hackett et al [86] Boyd et al [88]
Icons	Use larger icons. Icon names should be intuitive and familiar.	Boyd et al [50] Mohd Hassan et al [53] Quintana et al [57] Critten and Kucirkova [61]
Colors	Colors should have a stark contrast. Avoid using light colors, which make it harder to read.	Boyd et al [50] Reyes et al [71] Yamagata et al [73]
Illustrations	Illustrations can help people living with dementia understand the app components more easily.	Reyes et al [71]
Visual stimuli	Visual stimuli such as animation can be used to attract users’ attention.	Boyd et al [50] Rai et al [60] Wu et al [72]
Voice control	A voice feature could be added to an app for users who do not want to type or read on the app.	Mohd Hassan et al [53] Asghar et al [59] Hashim-de Vries et al [52]
Image background	Backgrounds should use a brighter color to make a strong contrast or should be plain with a single color.	Mohd Hassan et al [53]
Language use	Plain language should be used; text should avoid jargon. Avoid using stigmatizing words such as demented people. Avoid using homonyms such as album.	Brown and Kim [67] Chaudhry and Smith [68] Boyd et al [50]
Buttons	Size of the buttons should be large to make them easily visible. Layout should be such that there is ample spacing between buttons to prevent errors. The button should have dimensions, for example, a drop shadow or animation, to indicate to users that the button can be clicked or selected.	Hackett et al [86] Imbeault et al [65] Yamagata et al [73] Mohd Hassan et al [53]
Pop-up advertisements	Pop-up advertisements should be avoided.	Groenewoud et al [54]