Table 5.
Odds ratios (OR), 95% CI of the associations between GCF biomarkers and percent of sites with PPD ≥ 4 mm or percent of sites with CAL ≥ 4 mm).
| Low vs. Medium/High Percent of Sites with PPD ≥ 4 mm | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarker (pg/mL) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) § | p-Value |
| IL-1a † | 1.19 (1.07–1.32) | 0.001 | 1.16 (1.04– 1.30) | 0.008 |
| IL-1b † | 2.91 (1.49–5.67) | 0.002 | 2.40 (1.16–4.99) | 0.019 |
| IL-10 ‡ | 1.30 (0.85–2.01) | 0.227 | 1.22 (0.76–1.97) | 0.404 |
| TNF-a | 1.51(0.84–2.71) | 0.169 | 1.48 (0.80–2.76) | 0.213 |
| sICAM-1 † | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.067 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.102 |
| sVCAM-1 † | 1.00 (1.00– 1.01) | 0.337 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.601 |
| RANKL/OPG | 0.49 (0.13–1.89) | 0.300 | 0.20 (0.04–1.10) | 0.064 |
| Low vs. medium/high percent of sites with CAL ≥ 4 mm | ||||
| Biomarker (pg/mL) | ||||
| IL-1a † | 1.13 (1.04–1.23) | 0.005 | 1.12 (1.02– 1.23) | 0.017 |
| IL-1b † | 2.37 (1.33–4.24) | 0.004 | 2.09 (1.10–3.99) | 0.025 |
| IL-10 ‡ | 1.54 (0.95– 2.50) | 0.078 | 1.48 (0.90–2.44) | 0.120 |
| TNF-a | 1.43 (0.83–2.48) | 0.199 | 1.43 (0.80–2.56) | 0.228 |
| sICAM-1 † | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.977 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.761 |
| sVCAM-1 † | 1.00 (0.99– 1.00) | 0.408 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.064 |
| RANKL/OPG | 0.35 (0.09–1.41) | 0.139 | 0.19 (0.04–0.94) | 0.041 |
† value/102; ‡ value/SD; § adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking and alcohol status, BMI, mean plaque, index, lipid-lowering agents (LLA) use, and HbA1c. p-values in bolds are statistically significant (p < 0.05) or close to being significant (p < 0.10).