Table 1.
Prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancer studies with related microbiome features.
| Study | Number of Participants | Specimen | Sequencing Technique |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prostate cancer | |||
| Cohen et al. (2005) [9] | 34 PCa | Tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Yu et al. (2015) [10] | 13 PCa and 21 BPH | Urine sampling, prostatic secretions, and seminal fluid | PCR-DGGE |
| Cavarretta et al. (2017) [11] | 6 PCa | Tumor tissue, peri-tumor, and ANT | NGS |
| Yow et al. (2017) [12] | 10 PCa | Tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Shrestha et al. (2018) [13] | 65 benign tissue, 65 PCa | Urine sampling | 16S rRNA/16S rDNA |
| Alanee et al. (2019) [14] | 30 PCa | Urine and fecal sampling | NGS |
| Hurst et al. (2022) [15] | 300 PCa | Urine sampling, prostate secretions, and tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Sarkar et al. (2022) [16] | 16 PCa and 15 BPH | Tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Feng et al. (2019) [17] | 28 PCa | Tumor tissue | NGS |
| Feng et al. (2019) [18] | 65 PCa | Tumor tissue and ANT | DNA and RNA seq |
| Salachan et al. (2022) [19] | 94 PCa | Tumor tissue | RNA seq |
| Banerjee et al. (2019) [20] | 50 PCa and 15 benign tissues | Tumor tissue and benign tissue | NGS |
| Bladder cancer | |||
| Zhang et al. (2023) [21] | 51 NMIBC and 47 controls | Mid-stream urine and tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Hrbacek et al. (2023) [22] | 34 NMIBC and 29 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16S rRNA seq |
| Mansour et al. (2022) [23] | 55 bladder cancer and 12 controls | Urine sampling and tumor tissue | 16S rRNA seq |
| Parra-Grande et al. (2022) [24] | 32 bladder cancer and 26 controls | Tumor tissue and ANT | 16s rRNA seq |
| Chen et al. (2022) [25] | 28 NMIBC | Mid-stream urine and tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Ahn et al. (2022) [26] | 30 bladder cancer | Urine sampling | 16s rRNA seq |
| Qiu et al. (2022) [27] | 40 NMIBC | Mid-stream urine and tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Nadler et al. (2021) [28] | 10 NMIBC | Tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Ma et al. (2021) [29] | 15 bladder cancer and 11 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Pederzoli et al. (2020) [30] | 49 bladder cancer and 59 controls | Urine sampling and tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Hussein et al. (2021) [31] | 43 bladder cancer and 10 controls | Urine sampling | 16s rRNA seq |
| Chipollini et al. (2020) [32] | 27 bladder cancer and 10 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Hourigan et al. (2020) [33] | 22 bladder cancer | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Zeng et al. (2020) [34] | 62 (51 NMIBC/11 MIBC) and 19 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Mansour et al. (2020) [35] | 6 NMIBC and 4 MIBC | Urine sampling and tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Bi et al. (2019) [36] | 29 bladder cancer and 26 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Liu et al. (2019) [37] | 22 NMIBC/MIBC and 12 controls | Tumor tissue and ANT | 16s rRNA seq |
| Moynihan et al. (2019) [38] | 8 bladder cancer and 32 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Bučević et al. (2018) [39] | 17 NMIBC and 19 controls | Mid-stream urine and tumor tissue | 16s rRNA seq |
| Wu et al. (2018) [40] | 31 (26 NMIBC/5 MIBC) and 18 controls | Mid-stream urine | 16s rRNA seq |
| Kidney cancer | |||
| Liss et al. (2020) [41] | 6 ccRCC | ANT, tumor tissue, and thrombus | 16S rRNA seq |
| Wang et al. (2021) [42] | 24 RCC | Tumor tissue and ANT | 16S rRNA seq |
| Heidler et al. (2020) [43] | 5 RCC | Tumor tissue and benign renal tissue | 16S DNA seq |
| Najm et al. (2022) [44] | 20 RCC | - | log RNA Seq CPM |
| Testicular cancer | |||
| Mørup et al. (2022) [45] | 5 GCNIS-only, 18 TGCT, and 25 controls | Semen | RNA seq |
ANT: adjacent normal tissue; BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia; ccRCC: clear cell renal carcinoma; GCNIS: germ cell neoplasia in situ; MIBC: muscle invasive bladder cancer; NGS: next-generation sequencing; NMIBC: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; PCa: prostate cancer; PCR-DGCE: polymerase chain reaction/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; RCC: renal carcinoma; rDNA: ribosomal DNA; rRNA: ribosomal RNA; Seq: sequencing; TGCT: testicular germ cell tumor.