Table 1.
Various therapies targeting tumor microenvironment of osteosarcoma.
| Name of Compound | Target Pathway | Mechanism of Action | Phase | NCT Number | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) | Adoptive immunotherapy | Cytokine-induced killer | I | NCT03782363 |
| 2. | Multicomponent immune-based therapy (MKC1106-PP) | Immunotherapy | T-cell | I | NCT00423254 |
| 3. | Haploidentical transplant and donor natural killer cells | Immunotherapy | NK cell activation | II | NCT02100891 |
| 4. | GD2-targeted modified T-cells (GD2 CAR-T) | Immunotherapy | CAR-T | I | NCT02107963 |
| 5. | Activated T cells armed with GD2 bispecific antibody | Immunotherapy | CAR-T | I/II | NCT02173093 |
| 6. | Pembrolizumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 | II | NCT02301039 |
| 7. | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and CTLA-4 | I/II | NCT02304458 |
| 8. | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and CTLA-4 | II | NCT02500797 |
| 9. | Durvalumab plus tremelimumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and CTLA-4 | II | NCT02815995 |
| 10. | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and CTLA-4 | II | NCT02982486 |
| 11. | Avelumab | Immunotherapy | PDL1 | II | NCT03006848 |
| 12. | Avelumab | Immunotherapy | PDL1 | II | NCT03006848 |
| 13. | Pembrolizumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 | II | NCT03013127 |
| 14. | Haploidentical donor NK cells and Hu14.18-IL2 | Immunotherapy | NK cell activation | I | NCT03209869 |
| 15. | NKTR-214 and nivolumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and IL2 agonist | II | NCT03282344 |
| 16. | Sarcoma-specific CAR-T cells | Immunotherapy | CAR-T | I/II | NCT03356782 |
| 17. | CAB-AXL-ADC plus PD-1 inhibitor | Immunotherapy | PD1 | I/II | NCT03425279 |
| 18. | EGFR806 CAR-T cells | Immunotherapy | EGFR | I | NCT03618381 |
| 19. | C7R-GD2 CAR-T cells | Immunotherapy | CAR-T | I | NCT03635632 |
| 20. | Vigil | Engineered autologous tumor cell immunotherapy | GM-CSF, TGFβ-1, and TGFβ-2 | NCT03842865 | |
| 21. | Famitinib plus camrelizumab | RTK and checkpoint inhibition | VEGFR-2, -3 and FGFR-1, -2, -3, -4 and PD1/PDL1 | II | NCT04044378 |
| 22. | Camrelizumab (PD1) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy | Checkpoint inhibition | PD1 | II | NCT04294511 |
| 23. | CAR-T plus chemotherapy | Immunotherapy | CAR-T cells and sarcoma vaccines | I/II | NCT04433221 |
| 24. | B7H3 CAR-T cells | Immunotherapy | CAR-T, B7H3-specific receptor | I | NCT04483778 |
| 25. | GD2-targeted modified T-cells (GD2 CAR-T) | Immunotherapy | CAR-T | I | NCT04539366 |
| 26. | Oleclumab plus durvalumab | Immunotherapy | Anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody and PD-1 | II | NCT04668300 |
| 27. | B7H3 CAR-T cells | Immunotherapy | CSRT, B7H3-specific receptor | I | NCT04897321 |
| 28. | Atezolizumab and cabozantinib | Immunotherapy | Immune checkpoint inhibitor | II | NCT05019703 |
| 29. | Tislelizumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 | II | NCT05241132 |
| 30. | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab | Immunotherapy | PD1 and CTLA-4 | II | NCT05302921 |
| 31. | RNA-lipid particle vaccines | Cancer vaccine | Cancer vaccine | I/II | NCT05660408 |