Table 2.
Characteristics of MRI diffusion and perfusion parameter association studies with HPV status.
| Study, Year | Location Inclusion Center |
Study Design | Inc. (N) |
Age (mean) | Male (%) | Tumor Subside | Tumor Stage | HPV Testing |
HPV+ (n) |
HPV− (n) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diffusion parameters | b-values (s/mm2) | ||||||||||
| Chan, 2016 [29] | Toronto, CAN | R | 40 | 59.2 | 82.5 | OP | All | p16 | 28 | 12 | 0, 1000 |
| De Perrot, 2017 [34] | Geneva, CHE | R | 105 | 64 | 71.4 | OC, OP | All | p16+PCR | 21 | 84 | 0, 1000 |
| Driessen, 2016 [35] | Utrecht, NED | R | 73 | 61.6 | 64.4 | OC, OP, HP, LA | T2-T4 | p16+PCR | 6 | 67 | 0, 150, 800 |
| Freihat, 2021 [36] | Pécs, HUN | R | 33 | 61.4 | 69.7 | OP | All | p16 | 16 | 17 | 0, 800, 1000 |
| Han, 2018 [38] | Suwon, KOR | R | 41 | 62.9 † | 73.2 | OC, OP | All | Hybrid cap | 16 | 25 | 0, 1000 |
| Kawaguchi, 2020 [43] | Gifu, JAP | R | 37 | 61.5 | 81.1 | NA | All | p16 | 3 | 34 | 0, 1000 |
| Lenoir, 2022 [44] | Geneva, CHE | R | 34 | 62.0 † | 61.8 | OP | All | p16+PCR | 11 | 23 | 0, 50, 100, 500, 750, 1000 |
| Martens, 2019 [45] | Amsterdam, NED | R | 89 ⁑ | 64.6 | 75.2 | OC, OP, HP, LA | All | p16+PCR | 33 | 56 | 0, 1000 |
| Marzi, 2022 [46] | Rome, ITA | R | 95 * | 65.0 | 80.0 | OP | All | p16+PCR | 67 | 28 | 0, 500, 800, IVIM |
| Meyer, 2018 [47] | Leipzig, DEU | P | 34 | 56.7 | 73.5 | OC, OP, HP, LA, NA | All | p16 | - | - | 0, 800 |
| Nakahira, 2014 [52] | Saitama, JAP | R | 26 | 66 | 92.3 | OP | All | p16 | 12 | 14 | 0, 1000 |
| Piludu, 2021 [54] | Rome, ITA | P | 100 | 65.7 | 82.0 | OP | T0-T4 | p16+PCR | 69 | 31 | 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 300, 500, 800, IVIM° |
| Ravanelli, 2018 [55] | Brescia, ITA | R | 59 | 64.9 | 72.9 | OP | T2-T4 | HC2 DNA | 28 | 31 | 0, 1000 |
| Schouten, 2015 [57] | Amsterdam, NED | R | 44 | 58.8 | 75.0 | OP | T2-T4 | p16+PCR | 22 | 22 | 0, 750, 1000 |
| Vidiri, 2019 [69] | Rome, ITA | P | 73 | 62.7 | 80.8 | OP | All | p16+PCR | 54 | 19 | 0, 500, 800, IVIM |
| Wong, 2016 [70] | Londen, GBR | P | 20 | 63 † | 90.0 | OP, HP | All | Unclear | 12 | 8 | 50, 400, 800 |
| Perfusion parameters | Model | ||||||||||
| Ahn, 2021 [25] | Seoul, KOR | P | 58 | 59.5 | 82.8 | OP | All | p16+PCR | 45 | 13 | Arterial Spin Labeling |
| Choi, 2016 [30] | Seoul, KOR | R | 22 | 61.6 | 86.4 | OC, OP | - | p16 | 15 | 7 | Tofts and Brix |
| Han, 2018 [38] | Suwon, KOR | R | 41 | 62.9 † | 73.2 | OC, OP | All | Hybrid cap | 16 | 25 | Extended Tofts |
| Meyer, 2019 [48] | Leipzig, DEU | P | 30 | 57.0 | 73.3 | OC, OP, HP, LA, NA | All | p16 | 20 | 10 | Tofts and Kermode |
| Piludu, 2021 [54] | Rome, ITA | P | 100 | 65.7 | 82.0 | OP | T0-T4 | p16+PCR | 69 | 31 | IVIM, Tofts, and Brix |
| Vidiri, 2019 [69] | Rome, ITA | P | 73 | 62.7 | 80.8 | OP | All | p16+PCR | 54 | 19 | IVIM |
The table lists study patient population characteristics of all studies reporting MRI perfusion and diffusion parameter associations with HPV status, HPV status determination method, and used functional MRI settings and models. Abbreviations: P = prospective study design; R = retrospective study design; Inc. = number of analyzed patients; OC = oral cavity; OP = oropharynx; HP = hypopharynx; LA = larynx; NA = nasopharynx; - = not available; hybrid cap = hybrid capture assay kits; and H2C DNA = HC2 High-risk HPV DNA test. Notes: † Median value; ⁑ Nr of patients with DWI available. * Test set of radiomics study. ° b0, b500 and b800 were used for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculation.