Table 1.
Details of soccer players treated with ACLR
| First Author (year) | Country of Origin | Level of Evidence | Study Design | Quality Criteria a | Number of ACLR | Number of Control | Number of Males | Number of Females | Mean Age of ACLR, y | Mean Age of Control, y | Mean Height of ACLR, m | Mean Height of Control, m | Mean BMI of ACLR, kg/m2 | Mean BMI of Control, kg/m2 | Graft(s) used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allen (2016) 1 | US | 3 | Retrospective cohort study | 90.9% | 90 | 0 | 0 | 90 | 19.6 | NR | NR | NR | 23.1 | NR | 45 HT (Au), 42 BPTB (Au), 3 BPTB (Al) |
| Almeida (2018) 2 | Brazil | 2 | Prospective case-control | 100.0% | 20 | 20 | 40 | 0 | 21ME | 20.5ME | 1.82 | 1.79 | 23.7 | 23.4 | 20 HT |
| Alonso (2009) 3 | Brazil | 3 | Cross-sectional study | 72.7% | 24 | 20 | NR | NR | 29 | 26 | 1.75 | 1.79 | NR | NR | 24 BPTB (Au) |
| Alonso (2019) 4 | Chile | 4 | Case series | 72.7% | 61 | 0 | 61 | 0 | 29.7 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 50 HT (Au), 11 BPTB (Au) |
| Alvarez-Diaz (2015) 5 | Spain | 2 | Prospective pre-post, within-group comparison | 90.9% | 40 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 22.3 | NR | 1.75 | NR | 23.3 | NR | 40 BPTB (Au) |
| Angelozzi (2012) 6 | Italy | 2 | Prospective longitudinal cohort study | 72.7% | 45 | 0 | 45 | 0 | 23.4 | NR | 1.78 | NR | 24.9 | NR | 45 HT |
| Arundale (2019) 9 | Sweden | 2 | Prospective cohort study | 100.0% | 117 | 0 | 0 | 117 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 114 HT (Au), 2 BPTB (Au), 1 Quadriceps (Au) |
| Bak (2001) 10 | Denmark, Sweden | 2 | Prospective cohort study | 72.7% | 132 | 0 | 117 | 15 | 23ME | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 132 Iliotibialband (Al) |
| Barth (2019) 12 | US | 4 | Case series | 72.7% | 176 | 0 | 176 | 0 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 23.7 | NR | NR |
| Brophy (2012) 14 | US | 2 | Prospective cohort study | 90.9% | 100 | 0 | 55 | 45 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 28 HT (Au), 69 BPTB (Au), 4 BPTB (Al) |
| Drocco (2019) 20 | Italy | 2 | Prospective case-control study | 90.9% | 36 | 0 | 36 | 0 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 36 HT (Au) |
| Ellera Gomes (2014) 21 | Brazil | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 63.6% | 28 | 27 | 55 | 0 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Erickson (2013) 22 | US | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 81.8% | 74 | 0 | 74 | 0 | 25.6 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Fältström (2016) 24 | Sweden | 3 | Cross-sectional study | 90.9% | 182 | 0 | 0 | 182 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 177 HT, 2 BPTB, 3 Unknown |
| Fältström (2017) 25 | Sweden | 3 | Cross-sectional study | 100.0% | 77 | 77 | 0 | 154 | 18.4 | 19.5 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 22.8 | 22.1 | 74 HT, 1 BPTB, 2 Unknown |
| Fältström (2019) 26 | Sweden | 2 | Prospective cohort study | 90.9% | 117 | 119 | 0 | 236 | 19.9 | 19.5 | 1.68 | 1.67 | 23 | 22.3 | 114 HT, 2 BPTB, 1 Quadriceps |
| Guzzini (2016) 33 | Italy | 4 | Case series | 72.7% | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 24.9 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 16 HT (Au) |
| Herrington (2018) 35 | UK, Saudi Arabia | 4 | Cross-sectional study | 72.7% | 15 | 8 | 23 | 0 | 22.3 | 20.1 | 1.75 | 1.73 | NR | NR | 10 HT, 5 BPTB |
| Howard (2016) 39 | US | 4 | Case series | 72.7% | 78 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 19.3ME | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 52 BPTB (Au), 1 BPTB (Al), 13 HT (Au), 1 HT (Al), 1 Quadriceps (Au),2 Tibialis anterior (Al), 3 Achilles Tendon (Al), 1 Peroneal tendon (Al), 2 mixed HT (Au/Al)2 Unknown |
| Martin-Alguacil (2018) 44 | Spain | 1 | Randomized controlled trial | 90.9% | 51 | 0 | 39 | 12 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 25 HT (Au), 26 Quadriceps (Au) |
| Niederer (2018) 52 | Germany | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 81.8% | 132 (7 bilateral) | 264 | 388 | 0 | 25.3 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Patras (2012) 54 | Greece, US | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 63.6% | 14 | 14 | 28 | 0 | 24.8 | 21.7 | 1.77 | 1.8 | NR | NR | 14 BPTB (Au) |
| Roos (1995) 58 | Sweden | 4 | Case series | 63.6% | 121 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 7 HT, 79 BPTB, 15 Synthetic,9 Retinaculum + BPTB, 11 Fascia lata strip |
| Sandon (2015) 61 | Sweden | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 81.8% | 205 | 0 | 116 | 89 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 183 HT, 22 BPTB, |
| Sandon (2020) 60 | Sweden | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 81.8% | 684 | 0 | 432 | 252 | 25.9 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 556 HT (Au), 118 BPTB (Au) |
| Schiffner (2018) 62 | Germany | 4 | Case series | 63.6% | 72 (6 bilateral) | NR | 66 | 0 | 24 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Shelbourne (2009) 64 | US | 2 | Prospective cohort study | 81.8% | 102 | 0 | 25 | 77 | 15.7 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 102 BPTB (Au) |
| Thomson (2018) 71 | UK, Qatar | 3 | Retrospective case-control study | 54.5% | 16 | 16 | 32 | 0 | 26 | 28 | 1.78 | 1.79 | NR | NR | 9 HT, 7 BPTB |
| Waldén (2011) 75 | Sweden | 2 | Prospective 3-cohort study | 72.7% | 71 | 0 | 57 | 14 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2 Iliotibial band (Al), 35 HT, 2 BPTB (Al)21 BPTB (Au), 11 unspecified |
| Waldén (2016) 74 | Sweden | 4 | Prospective cohort study | 81.8% | 157 | 0 | 157 | 0 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Welling (2019) 77 | the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany | 2 | Prospective case-control study | 90.9% | 38 | 38 | 76 | 0 | 24 | 23 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 24 HT, 14 BPTB |
| Zaffagnini (2014) 80 | Italy | 4 | Case series | 90.9% | 21 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 22.9 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Summary Statistics | 80.4% ± 11.8% | Total male athletes = 1780 | Total female athletes = 1181 | Range, 15.7-29.7 | Range, 1.68-1.82 | Range,22.8-24.9 | HT = 1600, BPTB = 663, Quadriceps = 30, Iliotibial=134, Tibialis anterior = 2, Achilles = 3, Peroneal = 1, Fascia lata strip = 11, Unknown = 671 |