Table 1.
Clinical details of patients undergoing an ICE- or TEE-guided LAAO procedure.
| Patient | ALL (n = 772) | ICE (n = 149) | TEE (623) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 76.5 ± 8.3 | 77 ± 7.5 | 76.3 ± 8 | ns |
| Male, % | 509 (65%) | 97 (65%) | 407 (65%) | ns |
| CHA2DS2VASC | 4.14 ± 1.47 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | 4.1 ± 1.4 | ns |
| HASBLED | 3.69 ± 1.1 | 3.5 ± 1.4 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | ns |
| Creatinine | 1.4 ± 1 | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 1.44 ± 1.2 | ns |
| eGFR | 59 ± 30 | 60 ± 28 | 58.4 ± 28 | ns |
| LVEF | 52 ± 10 | 54 ± 11 | 51 ± 11 | ns |
| BMI | 26.5 ± 3 | 26 ± 4 | 26.7 ± 4.4 | ns |
| Permanent AF, % | 376 (48%) | 72 (48%) | 304 (48%) | ns |
| Diabetes | 264 (33%) | 45 (30%) | 219 (34%) | ns |
| Arterial hypertension | 606 (78%) | 115 (77%) | 491 (78%) | ns |
| Previous stroke | 106 (13%) | 19 (12%) | 87 (13%) | ns |
| GI bleeding | 240 (30%) | 40 (26%) | 200 (31%) | ns |
| Intra-cranial/subdural bleeding | 115 (14%) | 25 (16%) | 90 (14%) | ns |
| Severe CKD | 126 (16%) | 18 (12%) | 108 (17%) | ns |
| Hematologic disorder | 102 (13%) | 28 (18%) | 74 (11%) | 0.038 |
| Ischemic stroke in OACs | 54 (7%) | 8 (5.5%) | 46 (7.3%) | ns |
| DAPT+OACs | 7 (0.9%) | 2 (1.3%) | 5 (0.8%) | ns |
| Very high bleeding risk | 122 (15%) | 25 (16%) | 97 (15%) | ns |
AF: atrial fibrillation; BMI: body mass index; CKD: chromic kidney disease; DAPT: dual antiplatelet therpy; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; GI: gastrointestinal; ICE: intra-cardiac echocardiography; LAAO: left atrial appendage occlusion; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; OACs: oral anticoagulants; TEE: transesophageal echocardiography.