Table 1.
Bioink combinations, encapsulated cell types, and applications in tissue engineering.
| Bioink Combination | Encapsulated Cell Type | Applications | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alginate, GelMA | HUVECs, Cardiomyocyte | Regenerative medicine and drug discovery applications. | [144] |
| Alginate, F127, gelatin | Endothelial cell | Angiogenesis and osteogenesis | [145] |
| Alginate, nHA, DNA, PCL | MSCs | Osteogenesis | [146] |
| Alginate, methylcellulose | Islets | Transplantation of pancreatic islets (Protection of transplanted islets from the immune system in diabetes type 1) | [147] |
| alginate/gelatin/agarose hydrogels’ | iPSC | angiogenesis and nerve repair applications | [148] |
| Collagen, fibrin | AFSCs and MSCs | Skin wounds regeneration | [149] |
| Collagen, chitosan, GO-np | Chondrocytes | Cartilage protection | [150] |
| VdECM, alginate | EPCs | Regeneration in hindlimb ischemic disease | [134] |
| Gelatin, silk | Chondrocytes | Growth and proliferation of chondrocytes | [151] |
| GelMA, alginate, CS-AEMA |
BM-MSCs | Cartilage formation | [152] |
| HA, PUnp | MSCs | Customized cartilage tissue engineering | [153] |
| OHA, hlyco chitosan, adipic acid dihydrazide | ATDC5 | Cartilage regeneration | [154] |