Figure 1.

Auditory pathophysiology mechanisms of tinnitus. The primary pathophysiology mechanism includes reduction in cochlear output, resulting in an aberrant neuroplastic response. Abnormal dysfunctional neuronal activity in the remainder of the auditory pathway, including the ventral cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, and auditory cortex, is thought to be involved in tinnitus maintenance. Up arrow refers to gain, and down arrow refers to reduction. Adapted from Henton et al., 2021 [30].