Table 3.
Fatty acid composition of the examined filamentous fungi under elevated CO2 levels (20% CO2) at 10 °C, and under normal atmospheres at 10 °C and 25 °C. The values represent the average of three biological replicates (n = 3; except for M2 10 °C, where n = 2) and the standard deviation in % of the total area of all fatty acids in the sample. WAMT resembles the weighted average melting temperature of the membrane in °C. DU shows the degree of unsaturation. * R. oryzae M1 has C18:3 cis 6, 9, 12 instead of C18:3 cis 9, 12, 15.
| Organisms | Growth at | C16:0 | C16:1 cis 9 | C18:0 | C18:1 cis 9 |
C18:2 cis 9, 12 |
C18:3 cis 9, 12, 15 |
WAMT (°C) | DU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penicillium rubens IF2SW-F4 | 10 °C, CO2 | 8.8 ± 0.5 | 6.5 ± 1.0 | 11.1 ± 1.7 | 43.7 ± 3.8 | 30.0 ± 4.8 | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 1.89 | |
| 10 °C | 14.9 ± 0.6 | <1 | 7.2 ± 1.4 | 10.2 ± 1.2 | 51.0 ± 2.7 | 16.7 ± 0.6 | 10.0 ± 1.7 | 1.64 | |
| 25 °C | 16.1 ± 1.1 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 8.7 ± 0.5 | 60.0 ± 2.7 | 11.6 ± 1.0 | 8.0 ± 1.3 | 1.63 | ||
| Penicillium rubens DSM 1075 | 10 °C, CO2 | 8.9 ± 0.4 | 6.8 ± 2.9 | 4.2 ± 2.2 | 47.3 ± 4.6 | 32.8 ± 4.5 | 3.6 ± 1.4 | 1.97 | |
| 10 °C | 10.6 ± 1.3 | <1 | 10.1 ± 2.9 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 44.5 ± 6.2 | 33.0 ± 5.6 | 6.8 ± 1.5 | 1.91 | |
| 25 °C | 16.0 ± 1.6 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 61.5 ± 5.2 | 15.1 ± 3.2 | 7.0 ± 1.6 | 1.72 | ||
| Penicillium griseofulvum HR2 | 10 °C, CO2 | 10.5 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 1.0 | 64.2 ± 3.3 | 14.5 ± 2.3 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 1.80 |
| 10 °C | 13.0 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 8.0 ± 0.9 | 55.7 ± 3.3 | 17.5 ± 2.2 | 6.0 ± 0.5 | 1.74 | |
| 25 °C | 14.8 ± 0.9 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 8.0 ± 0.4 | 70.2 ± 2.2 | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 6.8 ± 0.8 | 1.59 | |
| Didymella corylicola LT1 | 10 °C, CO2 | 14.8 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 12.9 ± 2.2 | 58.6 ± 2.3 | 8.4 ± 2.6 | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 1.59 |
| 10 °C | 18.8 ± 1.5 | 8.1 ± 2.2 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 33.8 ± 3.9 | 33.8 ± 5.0 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 15.5 ± 2.0 | 1.17 | |
| 25 °C | 14.4 ± 1.8 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 20.7 ± 5.4 | 57.9 ± 6.5 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | 9.1 ± 2.4 | 1.47 | |
| Neurospora tetraspora KR3 | 10 °C, CO2 | 10.2 ± 1.8 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.6 | 54.3 ±2.4 | 26.8 ± 3.5 | 1.1 ± 1.7 | 1.96 |
| 10 °C | 12.1 ± 1.3 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 4.7 ± 1.8 | 15.5 ± 3.2 | 53.2 ± 1.6 | 11.2 ± 1.3 | 7.7 ± 1.6 | 1.59 | |
| 25 °C | 15.0 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 8.0 ± 2.8 | 25.7 ± 3.0 | 45.0 ± 3.1 | 4.8 ± 2.2 | 14.4 ± 2.1 | 1.32 | |
| Penicillium tardochrysogenum TS1 | 10 °C, CO2 | 11.0 ± 1.1 | <1 | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 13.4 ± 1.5 | 42.5 ± 4.2 | 28.5 ± 6.5 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 1.84 |
| 10 °C | 13.8 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 10.7 ± 1.3 | 44.0 ± 2.6 | 25.6 ± 3.3 | 7.9 ± 0.4 | 1.76 | ||
| 25 °C | 15.0 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 23.3 ± 3.0 | 50.4 ± 6.9 | 8.8 ± 3.3 | 9.4 ± 0.9 | 1.50 | ||
| Penicillium griseofulvum TS2 | 10 °C, CO2 | 10.3 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 6.2 ± 1.4 | 64.6 ± 4.8 | 14.7 ± 2.3 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 1.81 |
| 10 °C | 12.9 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 8.1 ± 0.8 | 60.8 ± 3.5 | 14.0 ± 4.2 | 4.9 ± 0.6 | 1.73 | |
| 25 °C | 14.6 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 8.6 ± 0.7 | 70.2 ± 3.0 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 1.58 | |
| Rhizopus oryzae M1 * | 10 °C, CO2 | 25.5 ± 4.4 | 8.0 ± 2.9 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 35.1 ± 4.1 | 11.6 ± 2.0 | 17.7 ± 4.8 | 19.2 ± 4.0 | 1.19 |
| 10 °C | 20.3 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 6.5 ± 2.5 | 50.4 ± 1.6 | 8.8 ± 2.4 | 9.0 ± 2.0 | 22.0 ± 2.3 | 1.00 | |
| 25 °C | 22.0 ± 3.5 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 42.1 ± 1.5 | 19.4 ± 1.5 | 9.5 ± 1.4 | 20.9 ± 2.8 | 1.10 | |
| Cladosporium subuliforme M2 | 10 °C, CO2 | 20.6 ± 2.2 | <1 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 16.2 ± 0.9 | 49.9 ± 2.1 | 10.9 ± 0.8 | 11.7 ± 1.5 | 1.49 |
| 10 °C | 22.8 ±1.6 | 5.4 ± 2.8 | 28.2 ± 0.2 | 37.3 ± 0.1 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 18.1 ± 1.0 | 1.22 | ||
| 25 °C | 29.1 ± 2.4 | 8.4 ± 1.8 | 33.7 ± 0.8 | 27.9 ± 4.0 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 26.1 ± 2.7 | 0.92 | ||
| Alternaria alstroemeriae M4 | 10 °C, CO2 | 14.6 ± 1.5 | 0.9 ± <0.1 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 8.3 ± 1.6 | 63.7 ± 1.3 | 7.5 ± 2.0 | 8.2 ± 1.7 | 1.59 |
| 10 °C | 24.1 ± 1.3 | 1.3 ± <0.1 | 6.2 ± 1.1 | 16.9 ± 0.6 | 47.6 ± 3.2 | 4.0 ± 0.2 | 17.5 ± 1.9 | 1.25 | |
| 25 °C | 22.3 ± 2.2 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 6.2 ± 0.6 | 33.9 ± 2.3 | 35.8 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± <0.1 | 20.0 ± 1.6 | 1.08 | |
| Penicillium glandicola M6 | CO2 | 12.0 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 61.3 ± 2.0 | 13.9 ± 2.7 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 1.75 |
| 10 °C | 12.9 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 8.3 ± 0.2 | 17.0 ± 1.7 | 50.6 ± 0.9 | 10.0 ± 2.5 | 11.2 ± 0.8 | 1.49 | |
| 25 °C | 16.4 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 6.9 ± 1.4 | 36.7 ± 2.1 | 37.3 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 16.9 ± 1.8 | 1.17 |