Table 2.

Patented formulations and botanical or chemical medications from the included studies.

Study	Formulation	Source	Species, Concentration	Quality Control Reported? (Y/N)	Chemical Analysis Reported? (Y/N)
DC Nieman 2013 [35]	Instaflex™ contains: glucosamine sulfate (1500 mg) methylsulfonyl-methane (MSM) (500 mg) white willow bark extract (standardized to 15% salicin) (250 mg) ginger root concentrate (50 mg) Boswellia serrata extract (standardized to 65% boswellic acid) (125 mg) turmeric root extract (50 mg) cayenne 40 m H.U. (50 mg) hyaluronic acid (4.0 mg)	Direct Digital, Charlotte, United State, North Carolina,	white willow bark, 15% salicin (250 mg) Boswellia serrata, 65% boswellic acid (125 mg)	N	Y
M Evans 2020 [36]	Pain Bloc-R contains (per capsule): Vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol) (500 IU) Vitamin B12 (0.5 mg) White willow bark extract (std. to 15% salicin) (Salix alba) (150 mg) Angelica root (Angelica dahurica) (50 mg) Acetyl L-carnitine HCl (50 mg) Caffeine (from Green Coffee bean, Coffea arabica) (37.5 mg) L-Theanine (37.5 mg) BenfoPure Benfotiamine (25 mg) Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate (17 mg) L-Tetrahydropalmatine (25 mg)	LifeSeasons Inc., United Stated, Texas	White willow bark extract (std. to 15% salicin) (Salix alba) (150 mg) Angelica root (Angelica dahurica) (50 mg)	N	Y