Table 3.

Isolated chemical compounds from the included studies.

Study	Compound, Concentration	Source	Purity (%) (and Grade, If Applicable)	Quality Control Reported? (Y/N)
B Schmid 2001 [34]	Salicin, 17.6%	Salix purpurea × daphnoides	N	N
C Biegert 2004 [37]	Salicin, 15%	Salix daphnoides	N	N
L Hamblin 2008 [38]	Nil	White willow, wild yam, bogbean, meadowsweet, black cohosh, ginger, dandelion root, celery seed, licorice, devil’s claw, turmeric (did not report the concentration of every herb)	N	N