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. 2023 Oct 14;13(10):2058. doi: 10.3390/life13102058

Table 4.

GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) criteria for assessing the quality of evidence.

Outcome Number of Studies Number of Participants Risk of Bias Imprecision Inconsistency Indirectness Publication Bias Relative Effect (95% Confidence Interval) Confidence in Effect Estimate (Grade)
Pain 4 229 Serious Serious Moderate Not serious Serious −0.31 (−0.53, −0.08) Very low
WOMAC 4 276 Serious Serious Serious Not serious Serious −0.80 (−1.08, −0.53) Very low
Adverse effect 5 329 Serious Serious Not serious Not serious Serious 1.37 (0.79, 2.37) Very low