Table 1.
General characteristics of lobomycosis cases in French Guiana, 1959–2022 (n = 31), and comparison of epidemiological features between the two historical groups.
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Total | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of Diagnosis | 1959–1992 n = 15 |
2010–2022 n = 16 |
Total n = 31 |
||
| Age | |||||
| Mean (min–max) | 61 (45–83) | 49 (33–75) | 54 (33–83) | ||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 60 (53–65) | 46.5 (40.5–57) | 55 (43–62) | ||
| <60 years | 7 | 15 | 17.14 [1.59–809.71] | 0.0039 * | |
| ≥60 years | 8 | 1 | |||
| Gender (%) | |||||
| Women | 1 (7.0) | 4 (25.0) | 5 (16.1) | 4.67 [0.37–245.87] | 0.1655 |
| Men | 14 (93.0) | 12 (75.0) | 26 (83.9) | ||
| Country of birth (%) | |||||
| Brazil | 1 (6.7) | 13 (81.3) | 14 (45.2) | 0.02 [0.01–0.21] 1 | <0.0001 * |
| French Guiana | 7 (46.7) | 1 (6.3) | 8 (25.8) | ||
| Suriname | 4 (26.7) | 1 (6.3) | 5 (16.1) | ||
| France (mainland) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 1 ((3.2) | ||
| Guyana | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| India | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Saint Lucia | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Ethnicity (%) | |||||
| Brazilian | 0 (0) | 13 (81.3) | 13 (41.9) | 17.14 [1.59–809.71] 2 | 0.0039 * |
| Creole | 8 (53.3) | 1 (6.3) | 9 (29.0) | ||
| Maroon | 5 (33.3) | 1 (6.3) | 6 (19.4) | ||
| Amerindian | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Caucasian | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Occupation (%) | |||||
| Gold digger | 3 (23.1) | 9 (60.0) | 12 (42.9) | 0.19 [0.03–1.19] 3 | 0.0384 * |
| Fisherman/sailor | 4 (30.7) | 2 (13.3) | 6 (21.4) | ||
| Farmer | 2 (15.4) | 2 (13.3) | 4 (14.3) | ||
| Logging/forestry | 3 (23.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (10.7) | ||
| Other | 1 (7.7) | 2 (13.3) | 3 (10.7) | ||
|
Duration before diagnosis
(years) |
|||||
| Mean (min–max) | 12 (0.5–40) | 4.25 (0.23–20) | 7.24 (0.5–40) | ||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 8.25 (3–10) | 2.33 (1–4) | 3.5 (1.5–9) | 4.67 [0.47–60.97] | 0.1054 |
| ≥10 months | 4 | 2 | |||
| <10 months | 6 | 14 | |||
|
History of skin trauma n
(%) |
|||||
| 3 (20) | 4 (25) | 7 (22.6) | |||
| Number of lesions n (%) | |||||
| Unique | 6 (40) | 7 (43.8) | 13 (41.9) | ||
| Multiple unifocal | 5 (33.3) | 2 (12.5) | 7 (22.6) | ||
| Multifocal | 4 (26.7) | 7 (43.8) | 11 (35.5) | ||
| Topography n (%) | |||||
| Head | 3 (20.0) | 4 (25.0) | 7 (22.6) | ||
| Lower limbs | 9 (60.0) | 8 (50.0) | 17 (54.8) | ||
| Upper limbs | 6 (40.0) | 8 (50.0) | 14 (45.2) | ||
| Trunk | 2 (13.3) | 2 (12.5) | 4 (12.9) | ||
| Type of lesion n (%) | |||||
| Nodule | 13 (86.7) | 14 (87.5) | 27 (87.1) | ||
| Plaque | 0 (0) | 1 (6.25) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Macule | 0 (0) | 1 (6.25) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Ulcer | 2 (13.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.5) | ||
| Adenopathy n (%) | 4 (26.7) | 3 (18.8) | 7 (22.6) |
1: The association was explored between the country of birth (Brazil vs. all others) and the occurrence in Group 1. 2: The association was explored between the ethnic origin (Creole vs. all others) and the occurrence in Group 1. 3: The association was explored between the occupation (gold mining vs. all others) and the occurrence in Group 1. *: statistically significant with p < 0.05.