Table 1.
Systematic anatomy of the adductor muscles in the albino rat.
| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Innervation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial gracilis muscle | cranial and caudal pubic rami | cranial border of the tibia between tibial tuberosity and insertion of the semitendinosus muscle | cranial branch of the obturator nerve |
| Caudal gracilis muscle | ramus of ischium | medial surface of the tibia deep to the insertion of the cranial gracilis muscle | cranial branch of the obturator nerve |
| Adductor longus muscle | cranial and caudal pubic rami, ramus of ischium | medial lip of the facies aspera of the femur (fused with distal portion of insertion of pectineus muscle) | cranial branch of the obturator nerve |
| Adductor brevis muscle | cranial and caudal pubic rami |
medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities |
cranial branch of the obturator nerve |
medial tibial condyle | |||
| Adductor magnus muscle | ramus of ischium | distal part of caudal aspect of the third trochanter, lateral lip of the facies aspera between adductor minimus (proximal) and adductor brevis (distal) |
caudal branch of the obturator nerve |
| Adductor minimus muscle | cranial and caudal pubic rami (95% of cases), ramus of ischium (75% of cases) | caudal aspect of the third trochanter | caudal branch of the obturator nerve |
| Obturator externus muscle | cranial and caudal pubic rami, ramus of ischium, cranial margin of tabula of ischium, outer aspect of the obturator membrane |
trochanteric fossa, fibrous capsule of the hip joint |
obturator nerve (trunk) |
| Obturator intermedius muscle | cranial pubic ramus | obturator nerve (trunk) |
For each muscle, the exact origin, insertion, and innervating nerves are summarized here. Within this muscle group, there were only rare remarkable variations, which are given in percentages.