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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Fundamental components of CRISPR-Cas9. Cas9 is able to cleave dsDNA. Cas9 binds to a genomic region with a PAM sequence of 5′-NGG-3′ when guided by a sgRNA. This results in a double-stranded break.